Questões de Inglês - AFA 2023 | Gabarito e resoluções

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Look at the chart in Text I. Read the transcript and answer questions 01 and 02 accordingly. (Adapted from https://www.ipsos.com/en-uk/. Accessed on March 28, 2022.) Transcript: Q: To what extent, if at all, do you feel that your generation will have had a better or worse life than your parents generation, or will it be about the same? Key: Better Total Great Britain Mark the option in which the information DISAGREES with the chart.

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Look at the chart in Text I. Read the transcript and answer questions 01 and 02 accordingly. (Adapted from https://www.ipsos.com/en-uk/. Accessed on March 28, 2022.) Transcript: Q: To what extent, if at all, do you feel that your generation will have had a better or worse life than your parents generation, or will it be about the same? Key: Better Total Great Britain The verb tense used in your generation will have had a better or worse life

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Read Text II and answer question 03 accordingly. TEXT II It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it 5 was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going the other way in short, the period was so far like the present period, that some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its 10 being received, for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only. (DICKENS, Charles. A Tale of Two Cities. Penguin Books, 1994.) The extract above

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Read Text III and answer question 04 and 05 accordingly. TEXT III Franval who lived in Paris, where he was born, possessed, along with an income of 400,000 livres, the finest figure, the most pleasant face and the most varied talents; but beneath this attractive exterior lay hidden 5 every vice, and unfortunately those of which the adoption and habitual indulgence lead so rapidly to crime. An imagination more unbridled than anything one can depict was Franvals prime defect; men of this kind do not mend their ways, the decline of power makes them worse; the 10 less they do, the more they undertake; the less they achieve, the more they invent; each age brings new ideas, and satiety, far from cooling their ardour, only prepares the way for more fatal refinements. (SADE, Marquis de. The Gothic Tales of the Marquis de Sade. 2000.) Franval possesses the following feature(s), EXCEPT

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Read Text III and answer question 04 and 05 accordingly. TEXT II It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it 5 was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going the other way in short, the period was so far like the present period, that some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its 10 being received, for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only. (DICKENS, Charles.A Tale of Two Cities. Penguin Books, 1994.) TEXT III Franval who lived in Paris, where he was born, possessed, along with an income of 400,000 livres, the finest figure, the most pleasant face and the most varied talents; but beneath this attractive exterior lay hidden 5 every vice, and unfortunately those of which the adoption and habitual indulgence lead so rapidly to crime. An imagination more unbridled than anything one can depict was Franvals prime defect; men of this kind do not mend their ways, the decline of power makes them worse; the 10 less they do, the more they undertake; the less they achieve, the more they invent; each age brings new ideas, and satiety, far from cooling their ardour, only prepares the way for more fatal refinements. (SADE, Marquis de. The Gothic Tales of the Marquis de Sade. 2000.) A similarity between Text II and Text III can be found in the following aspect(s):

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Read Text IV and answer questions 06, 07 and 08 accordingly. TEXT IV I know I shall meet my fate Somewhere among the clouds above; Those that I fight I do not hate, Those that I guard I do not love; 5 My country is Kiltartan Cross, My countrymen Kiltartans poor, No likely end could bring them loss Or leave them happier than before. Nor law, nor duty bade1 me fight, 10 Nor public men, nor cheering crowds, A lonely impulse of delight Drove to this tumult in the clouds; I balanced all, brought all to mind, The years to come seemed waste of breath, 15 A waste of breath the years behind In balance with this life, this death. (YEATS, W.B. An Irish Airman Foresees His Death in Rhyme and Reason, An Anthology. Org. OMALLEY, Raymond. HartDavis Educational.) Vocabulary: 1. Bid (bade, bidden): to tell somebody to do something. In Text IV, the following phrase refers to dying:

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Read Text IV and answer questions 06, 07 and 08 accordingly. TEXT IV I know I shall meet my fate Somewhere among the clouds above; Those that I fight I do not hate, Those that I guard I do not love; 5 My country is Kiltartan Cross, My countrymen Kiltartans poor, No likely end could bring them loss Or leave them happier than before. Nor law, nor duty bade1 me fight, 10 Nor public men, nor cheering crowds, A lonely impulse of delight Drove to this tumult in the clouds; I balanced all, brought all to mind, The years to come seemed waste of breath, 15 A waste of breath the years behind In balance with this life, this death. (YEATS, W.B. An Irish Airman Foresees His Death in Rhyme and Reason, An Anthology. Org. OMALLEY, Raymond. HartDavis Educational.) Vocabulary: 1. Bid (bade, bidden): to tell somebody to do something. According to lines 7 and 8 people will

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Read Text IV and answer questions 06, 07 and 08 accordingly. TEXT IV I know I shall meet my fate Somewhere among the clouds above; Those that I fight I do not hate, Those that I guard I do not love; 5 My country is Kiltartan Cross, My countrymen Kiltartans poor, No likely end could bring them loss Or leave them happier than before. Nor law, nor duty bade1 me fight, 10 Nor public men, nor cheering crowds, A lonely impulse of delight Drove to this tumult in the clouds; I balanced all, brought all to mind, The years to come seemed waste of breath, 15 A waste of breath the years behind In balance with this life, this death. (YEATS, W.B. An Irish Airman Foresees His Death in Rhyme and Reason, An Anthology. Org. OMALLEY, Raymond. HartDavis Educational.) Vocabulary: 1. Bid (bade, bidden): to tell somebody to do something. Lines 9-12 imply that the speaker is

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Read Text V and answer questions 09, 10 and 11 accordingly. TEXT V Oh, Ive just come from the land of the sun From a war that must be won In the name of truth With our soldiers so brave 5 Your freedom we will save With our rifles and grenades And some help from God I want to see my family My wife and child waiting for me 10 Ive got to go home Ive been so alone you see You just cant believe The joy I did receive When I finally got my leave 15 And I was going home Oh, I flew through the sky My convictions could not lie For my country I would die And I will see it soon 20 When I walked through the door My wife she laid upon the floor And with tears her eyes were sore I did not know why Then I looked into her hand 25 And I saw the telegram Said that I was a brave, brave man But that I was dead (SUMMER, Bernard; GILBERT, Gillian; HOOK, Peter; MORRIS, Stephen. Lyrics to Love Vigilantes, performed by New Order, Low Life CD, track 1, Universal Music Publishing Group, 1986. Taken from https://lyricfind.com) Read the statements below considering the aspects of grammar and meaning of Text V. I. The war referred by the speaker is over. II. The speaker had been conscripted to engage in combat. III. Some parts of speech were left out of the phrase in line 4. IV. The use of the auxiliary verb in line 13 is substandard. V. The noun in line 17 is a false cognate. The only correct statements are

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Read Text V and answer questions 09, 10 and 11 accordingly. TEXT V Oh, Ive just come from the land of the sun From a war that must be won In the name of truth With our soldiers so brave 5 Your freedom we will save With our rifles and grenades And some help from God I want to see my family My wife and child waiting for me 10 Ive got to go home Ive been so alone you see You just cant believe The joy I did receive When I finally got my leave 15 And I was going home Oh, I flew through the sky My convictions could not lie For my country I would die And I will see it soon 20 When I walked through the door My wife she laid upon the floor And with tears her eyes were sore I did not know why Then I looked into her hand 25 And I saw the telegram Said that I was a brave, brave man But that I was dead (SUMMER, Bernard; GILBERT, Gillian; HOOK, Peter; MORRIS, Stephen. Lyrics to Love Vigilantes, performed by New Order, Low Life CD, track 1, Universal Music Publishing Group, 1986. Taken from https://lyricfind.com) The following sentence shows an instance of colloquial language:

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Read Text V and answer questions 09, 10 and 11 accordingly. TEXT IV I know I shall meet my fate Somewhere among the clouds above; Those that I fight I do not hate, Those that I guard I do not love; 5 My country is Kiltartan Cross, My countrymen Kiltartans poor, No likely end could bring them loss Or leave them happier than before. Nor law, nor duty bade1 me fight, 10 Nor public men, nor cheering crowds, A lonely impulse of delight Drove to this tumult in the clouds; I balanced all, brought all to mind, The years to come seemed waste of breath, 15 A waste of breath the years behind In balance with this life, this death. (YEATS, W.B. An Irish Airman Foresees His Death in Rhyme and Reason, An Anthology. Org. OMALLEY, Raymond. HartDavis Educational.) Vocabulary: 1. Bid (bade, bidden): to tell somebody to do something. TEXT V Oh, Ive just come from the land of the sun From a war that must be won In the name of truth With our soldiers so brave 5 Your freedom we will save With our rifles and grenades And some help from God I want to see my family My wife and child waiting for me 10 Ive got to go home Ive been so alone you see You just cant believe The joy I did receive When I finally got my leave 15 And I was going home Oh, I flew through the sky My convictions could not lie For my country I would die And I will see it soon 20 When I walked through the door My wife she laid upon the floor And with tears her eyes were sore I did not know why Then I looked into her hand 25 And I saw the telegram Said that I was a brave, brave man But that I was dead (SUMMER, Bernard; GILBERT, Gillian; HOOK, Peter; MORRIS, Stephen. Lyrics to Love Vigilantes, performed by New Order, Low Life CD, track 1, Universal Music Publishing Group, 1986. Taken from https://lyricfind.com) Whose characteristic is described below? Write 4 for the speaker in Text IV, and 5 for the speaker in Text V. ( ) He is driven by a patriotic fervor. ( ) He is fighting because he cares who wins. ( ) He is believed to have been killed in action. ( ) Nothing else in his life seems worth pursuing. ( ) He considers aspects of his past, present and future. Now, mark the correct option.

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Read Text VI and answer questions 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 accordingly. TEXT VI Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, caused something of a stir at the annual Air Force Associations Air Warfare Symposium in Orlando, Florida. During an informal fireside chat with Lt. Gen. John Thompson of 5 Space Command on Friday, Musk told a room packed with fighter pilots that the fighter jet era has passed. Now, Musk is renowned for finding soundbites for the media to hook onto, and also of causing calculated disruption in his target audience, but even by his 10 standards this is a well-baited line. What makes this such a bold and controversial statement? The contemporary battlefield is far more networked, complex, congested and lethal its those that adapt that will survive. Simply being a good stick will rapidly no 15 longer cut it in the hostile skies of the future. Musks main thrust is, however, that the human in the cockpit is the limiting factor in air combat now, not the advantage. Firstly, humans are awkward for aircraft designers to 20 accommodate. In a modern fighter the pilot sits on an ejection seat for emergency escape, needs an oxygen supply and air-conditioning to function at extremes of temperature and altitude, and requires flight controls and instruments to fly and fight the machine. All of these add 25 a significant amount of weight and cost into the aircraft. Moreover, having a transparent canopy to permit the crew to see out does little to improve signature management1 as radar cross section and the chances of reflected sun glint all increase. The human also adds more weight, 30 especially when encumbered with flight kit such as helmet, NVGs, g-suit and flight planning and survival equipment. Traditionally, pilots sit toward the front of the aircraft to afford them the best view for take-off and landing, as well as air combat. This has implications on 35 aerodynamics, stealth1 design and weight distribution factors. In short, it can make the designers life a lot simpler if the pilot/crew are not in the aircraft. (Extracted from https://www.forbes.com/. Accessed on March 03, 2022.) Vocabulary: 1. Signature management and stealth: both terms refer to technology that reduces the likelihood of personnel, aircrafts, missiles, etc. being detected. According to the text, its eminent that Elon Musk

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Read Text VI and answer questions 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 accordingly. TEXT VI Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, caused something of a stir at the annual Air Force Associations Air Warfare Symposium in Orlando, Florida. During an informal fireside chat with Lt. Gen. John Thompson of 5 Space Command on Friday, Musk told a room packed with fighter pilots that the fighter jet era has passed. Now, Musk is renowned for finding soundbites for the media to hook onto, and also of causing calculated disruption in his target audience, but even by his 10 standards this is a well-baited line. What makes this such a bold and controversial statement? The contemporary battlefield is far more networked, complex, congested and lethal its those that adapt that will survive. Simply being a good stick will rapidly no 15 longer cut it in the hostile skies of the future. Musks main thrust is, however, that the human in the cockpit is the limiting factor in air combat now, not the advantage. Firstly, humans are awkward for aircraft designers to 20 accommodate. In a modern fighter the pilot sits on an ejection seat for emergency escape, needs an oxygen supply and air-conditioning to function at extremes of temperature and altitude, and requires flight controls and instruments to fly and fight the machine. All of these add 25 a significant amount of weight and cost into the aircraft. Moreover, having a transparent canopy to permit the crew to see out does little to improve signature management1 as radar cross section and the chances of reflected sun glint all increase. The human also adds more weight, 30 especially when encumbered with flight kit such as helmet, NVGs, g-suit and flight planning and survival equipment. Traditionally, pilots sit toward the front of the aircraft to afford them the best view for take-off and landing, as well as air combat. This has implications on 35 aerodynamics, stealth1 design and weight distribution factors. In short, it can make the designers life a lot simpler if the pilot/crew are not in the aircraft. (Extracted from https://www.forbes.com/. Accessed on March 03, 2022.) Vocabulary: 1. Signature management and stealth: both terms refer to technology that reduces the likelihood of personnel, aircrafts, missiles, etc. being detected. Based on Musks position, it is right to infer that

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Read Text VI and answer questions 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 accordingly. TEXT VI Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, caused something of a stir at the annual Air Force Associations Air Warfare Symposium in Orlando, Florida. During an informal fireside chat with Lt. Gen. John Thompson of 5 Space Command on Friday, Musk told a room packed with fighter pilots that the fighter jet era has passed. Now, Musk is renowned for finding soundbites for the media to hook onto, and also of causing calculated disruption in his target audience, but even by his 10 standards this is a well-baited line. What makes this such a bold and controversial statement? The contemporary battlefield is far more networked, complex, congested and lethal its those that adapt that will survive. Simply being a good stick will rapidly no 15 longer cut it in the hostile skies of the future. Musks main thrust is, however, that the human in the cockpit is the limiting factor in air combat now, not the advantage. Firstly, humans are awkward for aircraft designers to 20 accommodate. In a modern fighter the pilot sits on an ejection seat for emergency escape, needs an oxygen supply and air-conditioning to function at extremes of temperature and altitude, and requires flight controls and instruments to fly and fight the machine. All of these add 25 a significant amount of weight and cost into the aircraft. Moreover, having a transparent canopy to permit the crew to see out does little to improve signature management1 as radar cross section and the chances of reflected sun glint all increase. The human also adds more weight, 30 especially when encumbered with flight kit such as helmet, NVGs, g-suit and flight planning and survival equipment. Traditionally, pilots sit toward the front of the aircraft to afford them the best view for take-off and landing, as well as air combat. This has implications on 35 aerodynamics, stealth1 design and weight distribution factors. In short, it can make the designers life a lot simpler if the pilot/crew are not in the aircraft. (Extracted from https://www.forbes.com/. Accessed on March 03, 2022.) Vocabulary: 1. Signature management and stealth: both terms refer to technology that reduces the likelihood of personnel, aircrafts, missiles, etc. being detected. In the future, pilots will

(AFA - 2023) Directions: Read Text VI and answer questions 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 accordingly. TEXT VI Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, caused something of a stir at the annual Air Force Associations Air Warfare Symposium in Orlando, Florida. During an informal fireside chat with Lt. Gen. John Thompson of 5 Space Command on Friday, Musk told a room packed with fighter pilots that the fighter jet era has passed. Now, Musk is renowned for finding soundbites for the media to hook onto, and also of causing calculated disruption in his target audience, but even by his 10 standards this is a well-baited line. What makes this such a bold and controversial statement? The contemporary battlefield is far more networked, complex, congested and lethal its those that adapt that will survive. Simply being a good stick will rapidly no 15 longer cut it in the hostile skies of the future. Musks main thrust is, however, that the human in the cockpit is the limiting factor in air combat now, not the advantage. Firstly, humans are awkward for aircraft designers to 20 accommodate. In a modern fighter the pilot sits on an ejection seat for emergency escape, needs an oxygen supply and air-conditioning to function at extremes of temperature and altitude, and requires flight controls and instruments to fly and fight the machine. All of these add 25 a significant amount of weight and cost into the aircraft. Moreover, having a transparent canopy to permit the crew to see out does little to improve signature management1 as radar cross section and the chances of reflected sun glint all increase. The human also adds more weight, 30 especially when encumbered with flight kit such as helmet, NVGs, g-suit and flight planning and survival equipment. Traditionally, pilots sit toward the front of the aircraft to afford them the best view for take-off and landing, as well as air combat. This has implications on 35 aerodynamics, stealth1 design and weight distribution factors. In short, it can make the designers life a lot simpler if the pilot/crew are not in the aircraft. (Extracted from https://www.forbes.com/. Accessed on March 03, 2022.) Vocabulary: 1. Signature management and stealth: both terms refer to technology that reduces the likelihood of personnel, aircrafts, missiles, etc. being detected. Decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F) according to Text VI; then mark the right alternative. I. Designers are challenged to find solutions that enable fitting flying conditions. II. The human factor is considered an asset when it comes to air combat. III. A transparent canopy is both an advantage and a disadvantage. IV. The flying gear turns out to be heavy and expensive.