Questões - ESPCEX 2021 | Gabarito e resoluções

(EsPCEx - 2021) The Queens Gambit Effect: Everyone Wants a Chess Set Now (1) for the past few years the most popular (2)on Netflix, was undoubtedly Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth, as portrayed by Claire Foy and Olivia Colman inThe Crown, this fall another type of queen (3) her mark: Beth Harmon, the captivating protagonist ofThe Queens Gambit, a Netflix original that became an overnight sensation and inspired a slew of discerning viewers to pick up (4). Call it theQueens Gambiteffect: Chessboards are flying off the (literal and virtual) rack in the wake of shows hit season. Just ask Anthony Barzilay Freund, editorial director and director of fine art vintage site1stDibs: The Queens Gambitis driving an interest in the game of chess among new audiences and demographics, Freund confirms: At1stDibs, in just the month following the shows release, weve seen a 100% increase in sales of chessboards, pieces andd tables as compared to this time period last year. Of course, while it might be enjoying a renewed popularity at the moment, the game of chess dates back centuries and has long captivated players all over the world. Its believed to have derivedfrom a 7th centrury Indian game, then evolved as it spread across Asia and Europe in the following centuries. As a result, says Freund, you can find a variety of vintage and contemporary chess paraphernalia from dealers all over the world. Those who dont necessarily have the budget for pawns of precious stone have a myriad of options on the market at all price ranges. So light a fire, make a drink, and set up the chessboard - Beth Harmon would be proud. Adapted from https://www.housebeautiful.com/design-inspiration/a34874207/queens-gamit-beth-harmon-chess-sets/ According to the text, choose the correct statement.

(EsPCEx - 2021) Leia o texto a seguir e responda s questes: Chinese Woman Opens Planes Emergency Exit for Some Fresh Air A flight was delayed for an hour and a woman detained by police after she opened the emergency exit for a breath of fresh air before the flight took off in central Chinas Hubei province, mainland media reported. The incident happened on Xiamen Air Flight MF8215 from Wuhan to Lanzhou, which was scheduled to take off at 3:35 p.m on September 23. Cabin crew had briefed the woman, who was in her 50s, about the rules when sitting newt to the emergency exit and reminded her not to touch the button that opened the emergency exit. However, the woman said she needed some fresh air and touched the button to open the exit when the stewardess hour. Opening the emergency exit can be considered to be disturbing public order in aircraft, which is punishable by police detention and a fine. In July last year, a woman who was flying for the first time mistook the emergency door for a lavatory door before her plane took off in Nanjing. The emergency slide was released and the flight was delayed for two hours. The woman was detained for 10 days. Some passengers have paid a heavy price for releasing the emergency slide, which may take days and considerable expense to repair and reinstall. In January 2015, a man who opened an emergency door after a plane landed in Chongqing had to pay 35,000 yuan (150,000 baht) in compensation to the airline. In June, a man from Hubei who was returning to China from Bangkok on a Thai Lion Air Flight opened an emergency before take-off. After apologising repeatedly, according to witnesses, he was held by Thai authorities for one day and given a fine of 500 bath before being deported. Adapted from https://www.bangkokpost.com/world/1762629/chinese-woman-opons-planes-emergency-exit-for-some-frash-air The woman who caused the incident on Xiamen Air Flight MF8215 was

(EsPCEx - 2021) Leia o texto a seguir e responda s questes: Chinese Woman Opens Planes Emergency Exit for Some Fresh Air A flight was delayed for an hour and a woman detained by police after she opened the emergency exit for a breath of fresh air before the flight took off in central Chinas Hubei province, mainland media reported. The incident happened on Xiamen Air Flight MF8215 from Wuhan to Lanzhou, which was scheduled to take off at 3:35 p.m on September 23. Cabin crew had briefed the woman, who was in her 50s, about the rules when sitting newt to the emergency exit and reminded her not to touch the button that opened the emergency exit. However, the woman said she needed some fresh air and touched the button to open the exit when the stewardess hour. Opening the emergency exit can be considered to be disturbing public order in aircraft, which is punishable by police detention and a fine. In July last year, a woman who was flying for the first time mistook the emergency door for a lavatory door before her plane took off in Nanjing. The emergency slide was released and the flight was delayed for two hours. The woman was detained for 10 days. Some passengers have paid a heavy price for releasing the emergency slide, which may take days and considerable expense to repair and reinstall. In January 2015, a man who opened an emergency door after a plane landed in Chongqing had to pay 35,000 yuan (150,000 baht) in compensation to the airline. In June, a man from Hubei who was returning to China from Bangkok on a Thai Lion Air Flight opened an emergency before take-off. After apologising repeatedly, according to witnesses, he was held by Thai authorities for one day and given a fine of 500 bath before being deported. Adapted from https://www.bangkokpost.com/world/1762629/chinese-woman-opons-planes-emergency-exit-for-some-frash-air Choose the alternative that correctly substitutesnext toin the sentence ... about the rules when sittingnext tothe emergency exit... (paragraph 2)

(EsPCEx - 2021) Leia o texto a seguir e responda s questes: Chinese Woman Opens Planes Emergency Exit for Some Fresh Air A flight was delayed for an hour and a woman detained by police after she opened the emergency exit for a breath of fresh air before the flight took off in central Chinas Hubei province, mainland media reported. The incident happened on Xiamen Air Flight MF8215 from Wuhan to Lanzhou, which was scheduled to take off at 3:35 p.m on September 23. Cabin crew had briefed the woman, who was in her 50s, about the rules when sitting newt to the emergency exit and reminded her not to touch the button that opened the emergency exit. However, the woman said she needed some fresh air and touched the button to open the exit when the stewardess hour. Opening the emergency exit can be considered to be disturbing public order in aircraft, which is punishable by police detention and a fine. In July last year, a woman who was flying for the first time mistook the emergency door for a lavatory door before her plane took off in Nanjing. The emergency slide was released and the flight was delayed for two hours. The woman was detained for 10 days. Some passengers have paid a heavy price for releasing the emergency slide, which may take days and considerable expense to repair and reinstall. In January 2015, a man who opened an emergency door after a plane landed in Chongqing had to pay 35,000 yuan (150,000 baht) in compensation to the airline. In June, a man from Hubei who was returning to China from Bangkok on a Thai Lion Air Flight opened an emergency before take-off. After apologising repeatedly, according to witnesses, he was held by Thai authorities for one day and given a fine of 500 bath before being deported. Adapted from https://www.bangkokpost.com/world/1762629/chinese-woman-opons-planes-emergency-exit-for-some-frash-air Choose the alternative that has the sentence ...he was held by Thai authorities for one day and given a fine of 500 baht ... (paragraph 4) correctly changed into active voice

(EsPCEx - 2021) Lockdown Named 2020s Word of the Year by Collins Dictionary Lockdown, the noun that has come to define so many lives across the world in 2020, has been named word of the year by Collins Dictionary. Lockdown is defined by Collins as the imposition of stringent restrictions o travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces. The 4.5-billion-word Collins Corpus, which contais written material from websites, books and newspapers, as well as spoken material from radio, television and conversations, registered a 6,000% increase in _______ (1) usage. In 2019, there were 4,00 recorded instances of lockdown being used. In 2020, this had risen to more than quarter of a million. Language is a reflection of the world around us and 2020 has been dominated by the global pandemic. says Collins language content consultant Helen Newstead. We have chosen lockdown as _______ (2) word of the year because it encapsulates the shared experience of billions of people who have had to restrict _______ (3) daily lives in order to contain the virus. Lockdown has affected the way we work, study, shop and socialise. It is not a word of the year to celebrate, but it is, perhaps, one that sums up the year for most of the world. Other pandemic-related words such as coronavirus, social distancing and key worker were on the dictionarys list of the top 10 words. However, the coronavirus crisis didnt completely dominate this years vocabulary: words like Megxit, a termo to describe Prince Harry and Meghan Markle stepping back as senior members of the royal family, also made the shortlist along with TikToker (a person who regularly shares or appears in videos on TikTok), and BLM. The abbreviation BLM, for Black Lives Matter is defined by Collins as a movement that campaigns against racially motivated violence and oppression, it registered a 581% increase in usage. Adapted from https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/10/lockdown-named-word-of-the-year-by-collins-dictionary Lockdown is defined by Collins as the imposition of stringent restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces (paragraph 1). Choose another possible definition for lockdown.

(EsPCEx - 2021) Lockdown Named 2020s Word of the Year by Collins Dictionary Lockdown, the noun that has come to define so many lives across the world in 2020, has been named word of the year by Collins Dictionary. Lockdown is defined by Collins as the imposition of stringent restrictions o travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces. The 4.5-billion-word Collins Corpus, which contais written material from websites, books and newspapers, as well as spoken material from radio, television and conversations, registered a 6,000% increase in _______ (1) usage. In 2019, there were 4,00 recorded instances of lockdown being used. In 2020, this had risen to more than quarter of a million. Language is a reflection of the world around us and 2020 has been dominated by the global pandemic. says Collins language content consultant Helen Newstead. We have chosen lockdown as _______ (2) word of the year because it encapsulates the shared experience of billions of people who have had to restrict _______ (3) daily lives in order to contain the virus. Lockdown has affected the way we work, study, shop and socialise. It is not a word of the year to celebrate, but it is, perhaps, one that sums up the year for most of the world. Other pandemic-related words such as coronavirus, social distancing and key worker were on the dictionarys list of the top 10 words. However, the coronavirus crisis didnt completely dominate this years vocabulary: words like Megxit, a termo to describe Prince Harry and Meghan Markle stepping back as senior members of the royal family, also made the shortlist along with TikToker (a person who regularly shares or appears in videos on TikTok), and BLM. The abbreviation BLM, for Black Lives Matter is defined by Collins as a movement that campaigns against racially motivated violence and oppression, it registered a 581% increase in usage. Adapted from https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/10/lockdown-named-word-of-the-year-by-collins-dictionary Choose the alternative with words that respectively complete gaps (1), (2) and (3) in the correct way.

(EsPCEx - 2021) Lockdown Named 2020s Word of the Year by Collins Dictionary Lockdown, the noun that has come to define so many lives across the world in 2020, has been named word of the year by Collins Dictionary. Lockdown is defined by Collins as the imposition of stringent restrictions o travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces. The 4.5-billion-word Collins Corpus, which contais written material from websites, books and newspapers, as well as spoken material from radio, television and conversations, registered a 6,000% increase in _______ (1) usage. In 2019, there were 4,00 recorded instances of lockdown being used. In 2020, this had risen to more than quarter of a million. Language is a reflection of the world around us and 2020 has been dominated by the global pandemic. says Collins language content consultant Helen Newstead. We have chosen lockdown as _______ (2) word of the year because it encapsulates the shared experience of billions of people who have had to restrict _______ (3) daily lives in order to contain the virus. Lockdown has affected the way we work, study, shop and socialise. It is not a word of the year to celebrate, but it is, perhaps, one that sums up the year for most of the world. Other pandemic-related words such as coronavirus, social distancing and key worker were on the dictionarys list of the top 10 words. However, the coronavirus crisis didnt completely dominate this years vocabulary: words like Megxit, a termo to describe Prince Harry and Meghan Markle stepping back as senior members of the royal family, also made the shortlist along with TikToker (a person who regularly shares or appears in videos on TikTok), and BLM. The abbreviation BLM, for Black Lives Matter is defined by Collins as a movement that campaigns against racially motivated violence and oppression, it registered a 581% increase in usage. Adapted from https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/10/lockdown-named-word-of-the-year-by-collins-dictionary According to the text, choose the correct statement.

(EsPCEx - 2021) Texas High School Opens Grocery Store That Accepts Good Deeds as Payment How many high schools can say they have a grocery store inside their walls? The student-run grocery store at Linda Tutt High School in rural Sanger, Texas, provides food and other necessities to students and their families while teaching essential job skills. And the store doesnt accept cash, just good deeds. Instead of money, students shop using a point system. The store, which aimns to address food insecurities for studentes and others in the community, is open Monday throuvh Wednesday for students and Staff within the school district. A lot our studentes come from low socioeconomic families, principal Anthony Love told KTVT. Its a way for students to earn the ability to shop for their families. Through har worl you can earn points. You can earn points for doing chores around the building or helping to clean. The pioneering project ir run partnership with First Refuge Ministries, Texas Health Resources, and Albertsons (a grocery store chain). But nearly all the responsability falls on the studentes. They stoch the shelves, keep track of inventory, address sales, and monitor registers when items are purchased, I think the most exciting part of it is just teaching our kids job skills theu can carry with them as they graduate high scholl and move on into world, Love said to WAGA-TV. Students are really the key piece to it. Adapted fromhttps://www.southermliving.com/culture/school/linda-tutt-high-school-grocery-store. In the sentence And the store doesnt accpet cash, just good deeds.(paragraph 1). the worddeeds means

(EsPCEx - 2021) Texas High School Opens Grocery Store That Accepts Good Deeds as Payment How many high schools can say they have a grocery store inside their walls? The student-run grocery store at Linda Tutt High School in rural Sanger, Texas, provides food and other necessities to students and their families while teaching essential job skills. And the store doesnt accept cash, just good deeds. Instead of money, students shop using a point system. The store, which aimns to address food insecurities for studentes and others in the community, is open Monday throuvh Wednesday for students and Staff within the school district. A lot our studentes come from low socioeconomic families, principal Anthony Love told KTVT. Its a way for students to earn the ability to shop for their families. Through har worl you can earn points. You can earn points for doing chores around the building or helping to clean. The pioneering project ir run partnership with First Refuge Ministries, Texas Health Resources, and Albertsons (a grocery store chain). But nearly all the responsability falls on the studentes. They stoch the shelves, keep track of inventory, address sales, and monitor registers when items are purchased, I think the most exciting part of it is just teaching our kids job skills theycan carry with them as they graduate high scholl and move on into world, Love said to WAGA-TV. Students are really the key piece to it. Adapted fromhttps://www.southermliving.com/culture/school/linda-tutt-high-school-grocery-store. According to the text, ...stock the shelves...(paragraph 3) is an example of

(EsPCEx - 2021) Texas High School Opens Grocery Store That Accepts Good Deeds as Payment How many high schools can say they have a grocery store inside their walls? The student-run grocery store at Linda Tutt High School in rural Sanger, Texas, provides food and other necessities to students and their families while teaching essential job skills. And the store doesnt accept cash, just good deeds. Instead of money, students shop using a point system. The store, which aimns to address food insecurities for studentes and others in the community, is open Monday throuvh Wednesday for students and Staff within the school district. A lot our studentes come from low socioeconomic families, principal Anthony Love told KTVT. Its a way for students to earn the ability to shop for their families. Through har worl you can earn points. You can earn points for doing chores around the building or helping to clean. The pioneering project ir run partnership with First Refuge Ministries, Texas Health Resources, and Albertsons (a grocery store chain). But nearly all the responsability falls on the studentes. They stoch the shelves, keep track of inventory, address sales, and monitor registers when items are purchased, I think the most exciting part of it is just teaching our kids job skills theu can carry with them as they graduate high scholl and move on into world, Love said to WAGA-TV. Students are really the key piece to it. Adapted fromhttps://www.southermliving.com/culture/school/linda-tutt-high-school-grocery-store. The sentenceStudents are really the key peace to it (paragraph 3) can be correctly paraphrased in the followin terms:

(EsPCEX - 2021) Texto I Alimentao e Nutrio em tempos de pandemia: esclaream suas dvidas Na quarentena, como eu tenho ido pouco ao supermercado, estou dando preferncia aos alimentos industrializados, porque somais prticos e fceis de armazenar em casa, mas me disseram que eles fazem mal sade, isso verdade? Sim, verdade. Esses produtos so bonitos, coloridos, tm aroma sedutor e sabores intensos ou mesmo irresistveis, porque as indstrias usam muitos e sofisticados flavorizantes, corantes, emulsificantes, edulcorantes, espessantes e outros aditivos que modificam os alimentos, porm so ricos em acares, leos, gorduras, amidos refinados e outros, que em excesso fazem mal nossa sade. Esse exagero aumenta o risco de doenas como: obesidade, doenas cardiovasculares, diabetes, asma em adolescentes, inflamao da mucosa intestinal, alergias, depresso, alguns tipos de cncer e tambm aumentam a mortalidade por todas as causas. Por tudo isso, bom avaliar se vale a pena fazer essa opo, que atrativa, mas traz tantos malefcios nossa sade. Fonte: www.saude.pa.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Alimentao-e-nutrio-em-Tempos-de-Pandemia.pdf. Acesso em 12 Mar Texto II Entrevista: Indstria tem maior culpa por epidemia de obesidade Autor de livro sobre setor de alimentos nos Estados Unidos, Michael Moss diz que produtos so feitos com engenharia de preciso para serem irresistivelmente doces, salgados e gordurosos. Carol Knoploch 19/07/2015 Quem mais culpado pelo consumo de exagerado de sal, acar e gordura? A indstria de alimentos, o consumidor...? Certamente h alguma responsabilidade de nossa parte enquanto consumidores. Mas essas so grandes empresas, com muitos recursos, e por isso coloco a maior parte da culpa neles. E no apenas por causa da epidemia de obesidade, mas tambm por causa da diabetes e de outras doenas ligadas aos alimentos que assolam o mundo. As empresas fazem seus produtos com engenharia de preciso para serem irresistivelmente doces, salgados e gordos. E usam o marketing, tambm preciso, para nos levar a no apenas gostar deles, mas a querer mais e mais. Fazem isso sabendo que pessoas se tornaro cada vez mais dependentes de seus produtos, mesmo tendo funcionrios habilidosos e recursos para fazer verses verdadeiramente saudveis de seus alimentos. Porm, para maximizar suas vendas, escolhem continuar a fazer os mesmos produtos. No vejo a indstria de alimentos processados como m, ou como tendo a inteno de nos deixar muito acima do peso ou doentes. Ela faz o que todas as empresas querem fazer, que ganhar o mximo de dinheiro possvel vendendo mais produtos. O que achou da recente determinao do governo dos EUA de banir a gordura trans nos alimentos? Fantstica. Alguns anos atrs, o governo exigiu que as empresas revelassem que usavam gordura trans, e nos livramos de 85% dela. Mas a proibio me parece necessria para se conseguir o restante. E mesmo que isso no seja fcil ou barato (o custo estimado de US$ 6 bilhes), se livrar das ltimas gorduras trans vai economizar US$ 130 bilhes por ano em custos mdicos. Fonte:https://oglobo.globo.com/saude/industria-tem-maior-culpa-por-epidemia-de-obesidade-16834860 Acesso 12 Mar 21 Texto III A indstria do alimento, do entretenimento e da obesidade O documentrio Muito Alm do Peso mostra a realidade das crianas brasileiras que enfrentam o problema da obesidade: a discriminao que sofrem, a vontade de emagrecer, a seduo por parte da indstria alimentcia etc. Mostra a falta de opo por alimentos saudveis e por uma vida saudvel, devido aos ambientes sociais serem transformados pelos estmulos da indstria alimentcia. Mostra tambm realidades assustadoras, como, por exemplo, que 56% dos bebs brasileiros tomam refrigerantes frequentemente antes do primeiro ano de vida sendo que os refrigerantes contm uma grande quantidade de acar, alm de uma srie de produtos qumicos artificiais; coisas que fazem muito mal para a sade e o desenvolvimento das crianas. De acordo com os dados do documentrio, 33,5% das crianas brasileiras sofrem de sobrepeso ou de obesidade, ou seja, 1/3 da populao infantil tem sido transformada em potenciais doentes a caminho de doenas degenerativas que vm minando a humanidade contempornea. Nas palavras do mdico endocrinologista, Amlio F. de Godoy Matos, chefe do Servio de Metabologia IEDE: A obesidade est relacionada com as maiores pandemias modernas () com o diabetes, que uma pandemia moderna, e ela a causa maior do diabetes tipo 2. Ela est relacionada com as doenas vasculares, que uma outra pandemia a maior causa de mortalidade do mundo atual, e ela vem da obesidade, do excesso de peso. Ela est relacionada com a depresso, ela est relacionada com o estresse; ela est relacionada com alguns tipos de cncer. As grandes pandemias modernas tm na sua base um excesso de peso. Fonte: https://www.epochtimes.com.br/industria-alimento-entretenimento-obesidade/. Acesso 12 de Mar 21 Texto IV Relatrio culpa indstria alimentar por obesidade e desnutrio Corinne Gretler e Naomi Kresge 28/01/2019 (Bloomberg) -- A Big Food, como so chamadas as grandes empresas multinacionais de alimentos e bebidas, so retratadas como a nova Big Tobacco, as maiores multinacionais da indstria do tabaco, em um relatrio abrangente que liga a influncia do setor a uma epidemia global de obesidade e tambm desnutrio e mudana climtica. A Comisso sobre Obesidade do peridico mdico-cientfico The Lancet considera que um setor focado no crescimento culpado por um sistema que empanturra as populaes com calorias vazias, ao mesmo tempo em que usa indevidamente terras, energia e outros recursos [..]. Elaborado durante trs anos, o relatrio ecoou acusaes feitas anteriormente a setores como tabaco, lcool, energia e armas de fogo, por usar influncia poltica para moldar leis, polticas e diretrizes de sade. O painel composto de 43 membros apontou as proezas do lobby das empresas de alimentos como uma explicao para recomendaes nutricionais que s vezes so contrrias a evidncias cientficas [...] A taxa global de obesidade quase triplicou nas ltimas quatro dcadas e mais de um tero dos adultos do mundo esto agora em uma faixa de peso que aumenta os riscos de doenas cardacas, cncer e outros distrbios, de acordo com a Organizao Mundial da Sade. Ao mesmo tempo, quase metade das crianas com menos de cinco anos no obtm nutrientes necessrios -- principalmente em pases de baixa e mdia renda -- mesmo com o aumento do peso mdio [...] O grupo pediu um acordo que exclua a indstria de alimentos e bebidas da elaborao de polticas, semelhante s convenes globais da OMS sobre o tabaco. E como a produo de alimentos uma das que mais contribui para a mudana climtica, US$ 5 trilhes em subsdios do governo dos EUA que atualmente so destinados a grandes empresas agrcolas e combustveis fsseis devem ser direcionados para a agricultura e o transporte sustentveis, segundo o relatrio. Fonte:https://economia.uol.com.br/noticias/bloomberg/2019/01/28/relatorio-culpa-industria-alimentar-por-obesidade-e-desnutricao.htm. Acesso 12 Mar 21. A partir da reflexo sobre a coletnea de textos de apoio e de seus conhecimentos gerais construa um texto dissertativo-argumentativo, em terceira pessoa de 25 (vinte e cinco) e 30 (trinta) linhas, considerando a seguinte temtica: A falta de educao alimentar uma questo de imputar a culpa indstria de alimentos ou uma questo de conscientizar o consumidor? Aborde o tema sem se restringir a casos particulares ou especficos ou a uma determinada pessoa. No formule sua opinio sobre o assunto e apresente argumentos que defendam seu ponto de vista sem transcrever literalmente trechos dos textos de apoio. No se esquea de atribuir um ttulo ao texto. A redao ser considerada invlida (grau zero) nos seguintes casos: trecho com qualquer marca que possa identificar o candidato; modalidade diferente da dissertativa; insuficincia vocabular, excesso de oralidade e/ou graves erros gramaticais; constituda de frases soltas, sem o emprego adequado de elementos coesivos; fuga do tema proposto; texto ilegvel; em forma de poema ou em outra que no em prosa; linguagem incompreensvel ou vulgar; texto em branco ou com menos de 7 (dezessete) ou mais de 38 (trinta e oito) uso de lpis ou caneta de tinta diferente da cor azul ou preta Se a sua redao tiver entre 17 (dezessete) e 24 (vinte e quatro) linhas, inclusive, ou entre 31 (trinta e uma) e 38 (trinta e oito) linhas, tambm inclusive, sua nota ser diminuda, mas no implicar grau zero