Questões de Inglês - FUVEST 2016 | Gabarito e resoluções

(FUVEST - 2016 - 2 FASE) Awareness campaigns may help some people get useful support and treatment, but they might also prompt healthy people to start taking drugs they do not need. Drug company sponsorship doesnt mean the information is bogus but it does raise a red flag because companies do stand to benefit from increasing diagnoses, which leads to more treatment, says Steve Woloshin, a researcher at the Dartmouth College Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice. It can be difficult for consumers to know if a condition they are hearing about is part of a drug company awareness campaign TV ads and Web sites do not always disclose company sponsorship but consumers can look out for phrases such as the disease your doctor has never heard of, which can be red flags. Most important, before starting a new treatment, is to always talk to your doctor about risks and benefits. The key questions to ask about treatment are What is likely to happen to me if I am not treated? What is likely to happen to me if I am including side effects? Woloshin says. Scientific American Mind, September/October 2015. Baseando-se no texto e redigindo em portugus, atenda ao que se pede. a) Aponte uma vantagem e uma desvantagem presentes em campanhas de conscientizao sobre problemas de sade, veiculadas pelos meios de comunicao. b) Quais so os dois questionamentos a serem feitos ao mdico antes do incio de qualquer tratamento?

(FUVEST - 2016 - 2 FASE) Worrying: A Literary and Cultural History. By Francis OGorman. Bloomsbury; 173 pages. When he is not teaching Victorian literature at the University of Leeds or writing books, Francis OGorman admits to doing a lot of unnecessary brooding. Worrying: A Literary and Cultural History is his affectionate tribute to lowlevel fretting what the author calls the hidden histories of ordinary pain in everyones life. Humanitys sense of anxiety has deep roots. Contemporary angst is inextricably tied up with living in an advanced, hypermodern society, and yet, when worrying takes hold, it often does so in ways that appear altogether premodern, even pre-Enlightenment. If there is a message in the book, it addresses the everexpanding cottage industry around happiness and wellbeing. The latest edition of the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, DSM5, has broadened psychiatrys reach into everyday life, medicalising and stigmatising an ever greater number of quirks and foibles. Against this backdrop, Mr OGormans celebration of the wonderful eccentricity of human nature is both refreshing and necessary. He believes that being a modern worrier is justthe motheaten sign of being human and playfully suggests that people should refine Descartess famous dictum to: I worry, therefore I am. The Economist, August 1st7th 2015. Adaptado. Levando-se em conta que o texto parte de uma resenha de um livro, responda, em portugus, s seguintes perguntas: a) Qual o objetivo do autor do livro? b) De que forma o propsito do livro de OGorman se ope ao que proposto pela Associao Americana de Psiquiatria? c) Qual a sugesto do autor do livro para modificar a famosa frase de Ren Descartes Penso, logo existo?

(FUVEST - 2016 - 1 FASE) About half of the worlds population is at risk of contracting dengue, according to the World Health Organization. The mosquito is found in tropical and subtropical climates around the world; however, dengue does not naturally occur in these creatures: the mosquitoes get dengue from us. The mechanism of dengue infection is simple. Female mosquitoes bite humans because they need the protein found in our blood to produce eggs. (Male mosquitoes do not bite.) If the mosquito bites someone with dengue and then, after the viruss roughly eight to 12day replication period, bites someone else it passes dengue into its next victims bloodstream. There is no vaccine against dengue, but infecting mosquitoes with a natural bacterium called Wolbachia blocks the insects ability to pass the disease to humans. The microbe spreads among both male and female mosquitoes: infected females lay eggs that harbor the bacterium, and when Wolbachiafree females mate with infected males, their eggs simply do not hatch. Researchers are now releasing Wolbachiainfected females into the wild in Australia, Vietnam, Indonesia and Brazil. Scientific American, June 2015. Adaptado De acordo com o texto, a infeco por dengue

(FUVEST - 2016 - 1 FASE) About half of the worlds population is at risk of contracting dengue, according to the World Health Organization. The mosquito is found in tropical and subtropical climates around the world; however, dengue does not naturally occur in these creatures: the mosquitoes get dengue from us. The mechanism of dengue infection is simple. Female mosquitoes bite humans because they need the protein found in our blood to produce eggs. (Male mosquitoes do not bite.) If the mosquito bites someone with dengue and then, after the viruss roughly eight to 12day replication period, bites someone else it passes dengue into its next victims bloodstream. There is no vaccine against dengue, but infecting mosquitoes with a natural bacterium called Wolbachia blocks the insects ability to pass the disease to humans. The microbe spreads among both male and female mosquitoes: infected females lay eggs that harbor the bacterium, and when Wolbachiafree females mate with infected males, their eggs simply do not hatch. Researchers are now releasing Wolbachiainfected females into the wild in Australia, Vietnam, Indonesia and Brazil. Scientific American, June 2015. Adaptado Segundo o texto, a bactria Wolbachia, se inoculada nos mosquitos, bloqueia a transmisso da dengue porque

(FUVEST - 2016 - 1 FASE) Working for ondemand startups like Uber and TaskRabbit is supposed to offer flexible hours and higher wages, but many workers have found the pay lower and the hours less flexible than they expected. Even more surprising: 8 percent of those chauffeuring passengers and 16 percent of those making deliveries said they lack personal auto insurance. Those are among the findings from a survey about the work life of independent contractors for ondemand startups, a booming sector of the tech industry, being released Wednesday. We want to shed light on the industry as a whole, said Isaac Madan, a Stanford masters candidate in bioinformatics who worked with two other Stanford students and a recent alumnus on the survey of 1,330 workers. People need to understand how this space will change and evolve and help the economy. On-demand, often called the sharing economy, refers to companies that let users summon workers via smartphone apps to handle all manner of services: rides, cleaning, chores, deliveries, car parking, waiting in lines. Almost uniformly, those workers are independent contractors rather than salaried employees. That status is the main point of contention in a recent rash of lawsuits in which workers are filing for employee status. While the survey did not directly ask contractors if they would prefer to be employees, it found that their top workplace desires were to have paid health insurance, retirement benefits and paid time off for holidays, vacation and sick days all perks of fulltime workers. Respondents also expressed interest in having more chances for advancement, education sponsorship, disability insurance and humanrelations support. Because respondents were recruited rather than randomly selected, the survey does not claim to be representational but a conclusion one may come to is that flexibility of new jobs comes with a cost. Not all workers are prepared for that! SFChronicle.com and SFGate.com, May 20, 2015. Adaptado. Segundo o texto, empresas do tipo on-demand

(FUVEST - 2016 - 1 FASE) Working for ondemand startups like Uber and TaskRabbit is supposed to offer flexible hours and higher wages, but many workers have found the pay lower and the hours less flexible than they expected. Even more surprising: 8 percent of those chauffeuring passengers and 16 percent of those making deliveries said they lack personal auto insurance. Those are among the findings from a survey about the work life of independent contractors for ondemand startups, a booming sector of the tech industry, being released Wednesday. We want to shed light on the industry as a whole, said Isaac Madan, a Stanford masters candidate in bioinformatics who worked with two other Stanford students and a recent alumnus on the survey of 1,330 workers. People need to understand how this space will change and evolve and help the economy. On-demand, often called the sharing economy, refers to companies that let users summon workers via smartphone apps to handle all manner of services: rides, cleaning, chores, deliveries, car parking, waiting in lines. Almost uniformly, those workers are independent contractors rather than salaried employees. That status is the main point of contention in a recent rash of lawsuits in which workers are filing for employee status. While the survey did not directly ask contractors if they would prefer to be employees, it found that their top workplace desires were to have paid health insurance, retirement benefits and paid time off for holidays, vacation and sick days all perks of fulltime workers. Respondents also expressed interest in having more chances for advancement, education sponsorship, disability insurance and humanrelations support. Because respondents were recruited rather than randomly selected, the survey does not claim to be representational but a conclusion one may come to is that flexibility of new jobs comes with a cost. Not all workers are prepared for that! SFChronicle.com and SFGate.com, May 20, 2015. Adaptado. Um dos resultados da pesquisa realizada com prestadores de servios de empresas do tipo on-demand mostra que esses trabalhadores

(FUVEST - 2016 - 1 FASE) Working for ondemand startups like Uber and TaskRabbit is supposed to offer flexible hours and higher wages, but many workers have found the pay lower and the hours less flexible than they expected. Even more surprising: 8 percent of those chauffeuring passengers and 16 percent of those making deliveries said they lack personal auto insurance. Those are among the findings from a survey about the work life of independent contractors for ondemand startups, a booming sector of the tech industry, being released Wednesday. We want to shed light on the industry as a whole, said Isaac Madan, a Stanford masters candidate in bioinformatics who worked with two other Stanford students and a recent alumnus on the survey of 1,330 workers. People need to understand how this space will change and evolve and help the economy. On-demand, often called the sharing economy, refers to companies that let users summon workers via smartphone apps to handle all manner of services: rides, cleaning, chores, deliveries, car parking, waiting in lines. Almost uniformly, those workers are independent contractors rather than salaried employees. That status is the main point of contention in a recent rash of lawsuits in which workers are filing for employee status. While the survey did not directly ask contractors if they would prefer to be employees, it found that their top workplace desires were to have paid health insurance, retirement benefits and paid time off for holidays, vacation and sick days all perks of fulltime workers. Respondents also expressed interest in having more chances for advancement, education sponsorship, disability insurance and humanrelations support. Because respondents were recruited rather than randomly selected, the survey does not claim to be representational but a conclusion one may come to is that flexibility of new jobs comes with a cost. Not all workers are prepared for that! SFChronicle.com and SFGate.com, May 20, 2015. Adaptado. Outro resultado da mesma pesquisa indica que