Questões de Inglês - ITA 2001 | Gabarito e resoluções

(ITA - 2001 - 1a Fase) Leia o texto abaixo: Assinale a alternativa que NO corresponde a afirmaes do texto:

(ITA - 2001 - 1 Fase) SINGAPORE In the 1950s a bilingual educational system was introduced in Singapore, with Englishused as a unifying and utilitarian medium alongside Chinese, Malay, or Tamil. However, English remained the language of government and the legal system, and retained its importance in education and the media. Its use has also been steadily increasing among the general population. In a 1975 survey, only 27 per cent of people over age 40 claimed to understand English, whereas among 15 - 20-year-olds, the proportion was over 87 per cent. There is also evidence of quite widespread use in family settings. In such an environment, therefore, it is not surprising that a local variety (Singaporean English) should have begun to emerge. MALAYSIA The situation is very different in Malaysia where, following independence (1957), Bahasa Malaysia was adopted as the national language, and the role of English accordingly became more restricted. Malay-medium education was introduced, with English as an obligatory subject but increasingly being seen as a value for international rather than intranational purposes - more a foreign language than a second language. The traditional prestige attached to English still exists, for many speakers, but the general sociolinguistic situation is not one which motivates the continuing emergence of a permanent variety of Malaysian English. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language David Crystal - CUP, 1995 Sinnimos para THEREFORE (texto sobre Singapura) e para RATHER THAN (texto sobre Malsia) so, respectivamente:

(ITA - 2001 - 1a Fase) SINGAPORE In the 1950s a bilingual educational system was introduced in Singapore, with Englishused as a unifying and utilitarian medium alongside Chinese, Malay, or Tamil. However, English remained the language of government and the legal system, and retained its importance in education and the media. Its use has also been steadily increasing among the general population. In a 1975 survey, only 27 per cent of people over age 40 claimed to understand English, whereas among 15 - 20-year-olds, the proportion was over 87 per cent. There is also evidence of quite widespread use in family settings. In such an environment, therefore, it is not surprising that a local variety (Singaporean English) should have begun to emerge. MALAYSIA The situation is very different in Malaysia where, following independence (1957), Bahasa Malaysia was adopted as the national language, and the role of English accordingly became more restricted. Malay-medium education was introduced, with English as an obligatory subject but increasingly being seen as a value for international rather than intranational purposes - more a foreign language than a second language. The traditional prestige attached to English still exists, for many speakers, but the general sociolinguistic situation is not one which motivates the continuing emergence of a permanent variety of Malaysian English. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language David Crystal - CUP, 1995 Considere as seguintes afirmaes sobre Singapura e Malsia. I. SINGAPURA: A lngua inglesa passou a ter um papel unificador e utilitrio nos anos 50. MALSIA: O papel da lngua inglesa tornou-se mais restrito aps 1957. II. SINGAPURA: Mais de 87% da populao jovem era capaz de compreender a lngua inglesa em 1975. MALSIA: Apesar de ser matria obrigatria nas escolas, o ingls passou a ser visto cada vez mais como lngua estrangeira aps 1957. III. SINGAPURA: Parece haver amplo uso do ingls em contextos familiares. MALSIA: No parece haver motivo para a emergncia de um ingls malaio. Est(o) condizente(s) com o texto:

(ITA - 2001 - 1a Fase) SINGAPORE In the 1950s a bilingual educational system was introduced in Singapore, with Englishused as a unifying and utilitarian medium alongside Chinese, Malay, or Tamil. However, English remained the language of government and the legal system, and retained its importance in education and the media. Its use has also been steadily increasing among the general population. In a 1975 survey, only 27 per cent of people over age 40 claimed to understand English, whereas among 15 - 20-year-olds, the proportion was over 87 per cent. There is also evidence of quite widespread use in family settings. In such an environment, therefore, it is not surprising that a local variety (Singaporean English) should have begun to emerge. MALAYSIA The situation is very different in Malaysia where, following independence (1957), Bahasa Malaysia was adopted as the national language, and the role of English accordingly became more restricted. Malay-medium education was introduced, with English as an obligatory subject but increasingly being seen as a value for international rather than intranational purposes - more a foreign language than a second language. The traditional prestige attached to English still exists, for many speakers, but the general sociolinguistic situation is not one which motivates the continuing emergence of a permanent variety of Malaysian English. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language David Crystal - CUP, 1995 Da leitura dos dois textos, depreende-se que:

(ITA - 2001 - 1a Fase) In April we asked our readers: is there humor in the workplace? Perhaps engineering is too serious to be funny - or is it? Here is one response: ENGINEER IN HELL To the editor: An engineer dies and reports to the pearly gates. St. Peter checks his dossier and says, Ah, youre an engineer -youre in the wrong place. So the engineer reports to the gates of hell and is let in. Pretty soon, the engineer gets dissatisfied with the level of comfort in hell, and starts designing and building improvements. After a while, theyve got air conditioning and flush toilets and escalators, and the engineer is a pretty popular guy. One day St. Peter calls Satan up on the telephone and says with a sneer, So, hows it going down there in hell? Satan replies,Hey, things are going great! Weve got air conditioning and flush toilets and escalators, and theres no telling what this engineer is going to come up with next. St. Peter replies, What? Youve got an engineer? Thats a mistake -he should never have gotten down there; send him up here.Satan says, No way. I like having an engineer on the staff, and Im keeping him. St Peter says, Send him back up here or Ill sue. Satan laughs uproariously and answers, Yeah, right. And just where are YOU going to get a lawyer? H.D. Mt Vernon, Iowa, USA Considere as afirmaes abaixo: I. So Pedro telefonou ao Diabo para obter informaes sobre o comportamento do engenheiro no inferno. II. O dia-a-dia no inferno tornou-se muito melhor aps a chegada do engenheiro. III. So Pedro ameaou mover uma ao judicial contra o Diabo caso ele desprezasse os servios do engenheiro. Est(o) condizente(s) com o texto:

(ITA - 2001 - 1a Fase) In April we asked our readers: is there humor in the workplace? Perhaps engineering is too serious to be funny - or is it? Here is one response: ENGINEER IN HELL To the editor: An engineer dies and reports to the pearly gates. St. Peter checks his dossier and says, Ah, youre an engineer -youre in the wrong place. So the engineer reports to the gates of hell and is let in. Pretty soon, the engineer gets dissatisfied with the level of comfort in hell, and starts designing and building improvements. After a while, theyve got air conditioning and flush toilets and escalators, and the engineer is a pretty popular guy. One day St. Peter calls Satan up on the telephone and says with a sneer, So, hows it going down there in hell? Satan replies,Hey, things are going great! Weve got air conditioning and flush toilets and escalators, and theres no telling what this engineer is going to come up with next. St. Peter replies, What? Youve got an engineer? Thats a mistake -he should never have gotten down there; send him up here.Satan says, No way. I like having an engineer on the staff, and Im keeping him. St Peter says, Send him back up here or Ill sue. Satan laughs uproariously and answers, Yeah, right. And just where are YOU going to get a lawyer? H.D. Mt Vernon, Iowa, USA Ao afirmar ... and theres no telling what this engineer is going to come up with next., o Diabo quer dizer que:

(ITA - 2001 - 1a Fase) In April we asked our readers: is there humor in the workplace? Perhaps engineering is too serious to be funny - or is it? Here is one response: ENGINEER IN HELL To the editor: An engineer dies and reports to the pearly gates. St. Peter checks his dossier and says, Ah, youre an engineer -youre in the wrong place. So the engineer reports to the gates of hell and is let in. Pretty soon, the engineer gets dissatisfied with the level of comfort in hell, and starts designing and building improvements. After a while, theyve got air conditioning and flush toilets and escalators, and the engineer is a pretty popular guy. One day St. Peter calls Satan up on the telephone and says with a sneer, So, hows it going down there in hell? Satan replies,Hey, things are going great! Weve got air conditioning and flush toilets and escalators, and theres no telling what this engineer is going to come up with next. St. Peter replies, What? Youve got an engineer? Thats a mistake -he should never have gotten down there; send him up here.Satan says, No way. I like having an engineer on the staff, and Im keeping him. St Peter says, Send him back up here or Ill sue. Satan laughs uproariously and answers, Yeah, right. And just where are YOU going to get a lawyer? H.D. Mt Vernon, Iowa, USA Quais frases, numeradas de I a IV, teriam o significado mais prximo a Send him back up here or Ill sue, que se encontra no penltimo pargrafo do texto? I. If you dont send him back up here, Ill sue. II. If you send him back up here, Ill sue. III. Unless you send him back up here, I wont sue. IV. I will sue, unless you send him back up here.

(ITA - 2001 - 1a Fase) TV CRITIQUE Amid the majestic sequoias of what could be a state park in Northern California, the silence is broken by a guttural bellow. An enormous beast plods across the television screen. She kicks out a shallow nest and begins to lay her eggs. Each white egg, the size of a soccer ball, slides gently down an ovipositor and comes to rest in the ground. (...) It looks and sounds just like a wildlife documentary -so much so that, if you watch long enough, you almost forget that the animals it shows have been extinct for more than 65 million years. But this is Walking With Dinosaurs, a sometimes stunning dinoextravaganza that uses computer animation and detailed puppets to resurrect the creatures and place them in real landscapes. When the $10 million program aired in the United Kingdom last fall, 17 million people -almost a third of the population -tuned in to the six weekly installments making it the BBCs most watched science program ever and one of its top 20 programs of all time. It also stirred up a controversy. Some researchers were unstinting in their praise: This is going to stand out as one of the best dinosaur shows ever done and certainly the most novel one,says Tom Holtz, a vertebrate paleontologist at the University of Maryland, College Park, who consulted with the BBC on the project. But others cringed at the way it blurred fact and fiction. Most of the egg-laying sequence, for example, is screenwriters fantasy: There is no scientific evidence that the giant dinosaur Diplodocus had an ovipositor or abandoned its young. Some of the arguments were just so far-fetched, so ridiculous,says Norman MacLeod, an invertebrate paleontologist at the Natural History Museum in London. I was embarrassed for the profession.The British media debated whether docudrama was a suitable way to convey science to the public. Would TV viewers be stimulated, misled, or just confused? On 16 April millions more will get the chance to make up their own minds as the Discovery Channel airs a revised 3-hour version of the show in North and South America. (...) SCIENCE VOL 288 7 APRIL 2000 Considere as afirmaes abaixo: I. O primeiro pargrafo do texto descreve uma cena do documentrio Caminhando com Dinossauros, em que um dinossauro prepara seu ninho e pe ovos. II. O documentrio, dividido em seis episdios semanais, estreou na Inglaterra no outono de 1999. III. Em abril deste ano, o canal de televiso Discovery transmitiria para os Estados Unidos e para a Amrica do Sul o documentrio britnico na ntegra. Est(o) condizente(s) com o texto:

(ITA - 2001 - 1a Fase) TV CRITIQUE Amid the majestic sequoias of what could be a state park in Northern California, the silence is broken by a guttural bellow. An enormous beast plods across the television screen. She kicks out a shallow nest and begins to lay her eggs. Each white egg, the size of a soccer ball, slides gently down an ovipositor and comes to rest in the ground. (...) It looks and sounds just like a wildlife documentary -so much so that, if you watch long enough, you almost forget that the animals it shows have been extinct for more than 65 million years. But this is Walking With Dinosaurs, a sometimes stunning dinoextravaganza that uses computer animation and detailed puppets to resurrect the creatures and place them in real landscapes. When the $10 million program aired in the United Kingdom last fall, 17 million people -almost a third of the population -tuned in to the six weekly installments making it the BBCs most watched science program ever and one of its top 20 programs of all time. It also stirred up a controversy. Some researchers were unstinting in their praise: This is going to stand out as one of the best dinosaur shows ever done and certainly the most novel one,says Tom Holtz, a vertebrate paleontologist at the University of Maryland, College Park, who consulted with the BBC on the project. But others cringed at the way it blurred fact and fiction. Most of the egg-laying sequence, for example, is screenwriters fantasy: There is no scientific evidence that the giant dinosaur Diplodocus had an ovipositor or abandoned its young. Some of the arguments were just so far-fetched, so ridiculous,says Norman MacLeod, an invertebrate paleontologist at the Natural History Museum in London. I was embarrassed for the profession.The British media debated whether docudrama was a suitable way to convey science to the public. Would TV viewers be stimulated, misled, or just confused? On 16 April millions more will get the chance to make up their own minds as the Discovery Channel airs a revised 3-hour version of the show in North and South America. (...) SCIENCE VOL 288 7 APRIL 2000 (So) apontado(s) como item (itens) polmico(s) com relao ao documentrio: I. No hcomprovao cientfica sobre a procriao de certo tipo de dinossauro. II. Realidade e fico misturam-se indiscriminadamente no documentrio. III. Documentrios como este podem levar telespectadores a ter uma viso distorcida de alguns aspectos da cincia.

(ITA - 2001 - 1a Fase) TV CRITIQUE Amid the majestic sequoias of what could be a state park in Northern California, the silence is broken by a guttural bellow. An enormous beast plods across the television screen. She kicks out a shallow nest and begins to lay her eggs. Each white egg, the size of a soccer ball, slides gently down an ovipositor and comes to rest in the ground. (...) It looks and sounds just like a wildlife documentary -so much so that, if you watch long enough, you almost forget that the animals it shows have been extinct for more than 65 million years. But this is Walking With Dinosaurs, a sometimes stunning dinoextravaganza that uses computer animation and detailed puppets to resurrect the creatures and place them in real landscapes. When the $10 million program aired in the United Kingdom last fall, 17 million people -almost a third of the population -tuned in to the six weekly installments making it the BBCs most watched science program ever and one of its top 20 programs of all time. It also stirred up a controversy. Some researchers were unstinting in their praise: This is going to stand out as one of the best dinosaur shows ever done and certainly the most novel one,says Tom Holtz, a vertebrate paleontologist at the University of Maryland, College Park, who consulted with the BBC on the project. But others cringed at the way it blurred fact and fiction. Most of the egg-laying sequence, for example, is screenwriters fantasy: There is no scientific evidence that the giant dinosaur Diplodocus had an ovipositor or abandoned its young. Some of the arguments were just so far-fetched, so ridiculous,says Norman MacLeod, an invertebrate paleontologist at the Natural History Museum in London. I was embarrassed for the profession.The British media debated whether docudrama was a suitable way to convey science to the public. Would TV viewers be stimulated, misled, or just confused? On 16 April millions more will get the chance to make up their own minds as the Discovery Channel airs a revised 3-hour version of the show in North and South America. (...) SCIENCE VOL 288 7 APRIL 2000 O termo its, na penltima linha do segundo pargrafo, refere-se:

(ITA - 2001 - 1a Fase) WALKINGS WINNERS AND LOSERS I. Postosuchus. Producers kept scene of the predator urinating -even though its closest relatives all excrete urea, not urine. II.Diplodocus. Herds look so heavy you can almost feel the ground shake. First time animated with frill on spine. III.Cynodonts. Squat mammal ancestors sport convincing fur and behaviors. Bonus points for calling them mammal-like reptiles. IV. Coatimundi. Cameo by this modern American mammal is totally out of place; its ancestors were never in Antarctica or Australia. V. Pterosaurs. They fly like aces, but its the ground-walking that really wows. Insulating fuzz on wings is accurate. VI. Marine reptiles. Cousteau would have loved graceful ichthyosaurs and plesiosaurs. Realistic birth scene. O quadro faz meno a pontos fortes e a pontos fracos observados pela crtica no documentrio Caminhando com Dinossauros, classificando-os de winners(os pontos fortes) e losers(os pontos fracos). Analise o quadro e aponte, pelo contexto da crtica, se cada um dos itens, numerados de I a VI, um winnerou um loser.

(ITA - 2001 - 1a Fase) Considere as afirmaes abaixo: I. Os personagens esto discutindo presses sociais sobre crianas. II. Para manter a forma fsica, meninos devem praticar esportes e fazer dieta. III. Meninos praticam esportes para que, na vida adulta, possam beber cerveja vontade. Est(o) condizente(s) com o cartoon:

(ITA - 2001 - 1a Fase) Considere as afirmaes abaixo: I. O menino acaba de assinar um documento pedindo a excluso do beisebol como esporte obrigatrio na escola. II. Segundo o garoto, as pessoas referem-se pejorativamente a meninos que no praticam esportes. III. Na opinio do garoto, a vida das meninas mais tranquila que a vida dos meninos na sociedade atual. Est(o) condizente(s) com o texto:

(ITA - 2001 - 1a Fase) OFFICE LIFE Working Overtime is Good for You! Are you hard-working, anxious, introverted and conscientious? If so, youre likely to be a victim of workplace bullying. Researchers at Hull University have come up with a personality test to recognize people at risk of being bullied. The study recommends that companies give potential victims assertiveness training and social support at work so that they can be spared feeling humiliated. A separate study at the University of Manchester has found that working overtime can be good for ones health. Managers who voluntarily stay an extra hour to catch up on work or organize themselves feel greater job satisfaction and have better mental health than those leaving on time. But if managers put in more than one hour a day extra or are forced to stay late, they are more likely to suffer anxiety. Speak Up Ano XIII - 158 - July, 2000. A expresso catch up on work significa:

(ITA - 2001 - 1a Fase) OFFICE LIFE Working Overtime is Good for You! Are you hard-working, anxious, introverted and conscientious? If so, youre likely to be a victim of workplace bullying. Researchers at Hull University have come up with a personality test to recognize people at risk of being bullied. The study recommends that companies give potential victims assertiveness training and social support at work so that they can be spared feeling humiliated. A separate study at the University of Manchester has found that working overtime can be good for ones health. Managers who voluntarily stay an extra hour to catch up on work or organize themselves feel greater job satisfaction and have better mental health than those leaving on time. But if managers put in more than one hour a day extra or are forced to stay late, they are more likely to suffer anxiety. Speak Up Ano XIII - 158 - July, 2000. Qual das opes abaixo melhor descreve aspectos das pesquisas realizadas em cada uma das duas universidades mencionadas no texto?