Questões de Inglês - UFPR 2017 | Gabarito e resoluções

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) The ways Mexicans tell time Understanding this takes not a fluency in the language but rather a fluency in Mexican culture. Mexicans are famous in the Spanish-speaking world for their extensive use of the diminutive. While in most Spanish-speaking countries the addition of the diminutive ita to an adverb like ahora (meaning now) would strengthen it to indicate immediacy (i.e. right now), this is not the case in Mexico. Dr Company explained that Mexicans instead use the diminutive form to break down the space between the speaker and the listener and lessen formality. In this case of ahorita, the addition of the diminutive reduces urgency rather than increasing it a difference that can be extremely confusing for foreigners. (Disponvel: http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20170725-the-confusing-way-mexicans-tell-time. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.) Consider the following affirmatives: The use of the diminutive in Mexico does not follow the same rules for other Spanish speaking countries. Dr Company says that Mexicans use ahorita to indicate immediacy. The use of the diminutive in Mexico indicates more proximity between speaker and listener. The ahorita example indicates the particular way Mexicans have adapted language to their cultural patterns. Choose the correct alternative.

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) The ways Mexicans tell time Understanding this takes not a fluency in the language but rather a fluency in Mexican culture. Mexicans are famous in the Spanish-speaking world for their extensive use of the diminutive. While in most Spanish-speaking countries the addition of the diminutive ita to an adverb like ahora (meaning now) would strengthen it to indicate immediacy (i.e. right now), this is not the case in Mexico. Dr Company explained that Mexicans instead use the diminutive form to break down the space between the speaker and the listener and lessen formality. In this case of ahorita, the addition of the diminutive reduces urgency rather than increasing it a difference that can be extremely confusing for foreigners. (Disponvel: http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20170725-the-confusing-way-mexicans-tell-time. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.) The text illustrates:

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) Consider the following excerpt: Difficulty interpreting what I have come to call Ahorita Time is a reflection of different cultural understandings of time. Dr Company explained that if she is giving a talk in Mexico and goes over her allotted time, Mexicans feel like I am giving them a gift. In the UK or the US, however, The audience starts to leave, feeling like I am wasting their time. Choose the alternative that conveys the same meaning of the excerpt above.

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the countrys air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. We cant carry on with diesel and petrol cars, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. There is no alternative to embracing new technology. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany. Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory. The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once theyre cheaper to own than conventional vehicles. The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly 1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050. Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues. The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Unions annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to Kings College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year. The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech. We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines. Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030. The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology.Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities. (Disponvel: http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.) Consider the following numbers: 2.7 million new clean energy cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016. 40,000 of British deaths yearly are said to be caused by pollution related diseases. Car industry in Britain is cautious about having specific dates for banning internal combustion energy cars because it supports over 800.000 jobs in the UK. Mark the correct alternative.

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the countrys air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. We cant carry on with diesel and petrol cars, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. There is no alternative to embracing new technology. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany. Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory. The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once theyre cheaper to own than conventional vehicles. The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly 1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050. Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues. The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Unions annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to Kings College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year. The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech. We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines. Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030. The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology.Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities. (Disponvel: http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.) According to the text, choose the correct alternative.

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the countrys air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. We cant carry on with diesel and petrol cars, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. There is no alternative to embracing new technology. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, makingitthe second biggest market in Europe after Germany. Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, buttheyonly accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory. The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point oncetheyre cheaper to own than conventional vehicles. The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly 1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050. Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues. The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Unions annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to Kings College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year. The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech. Weare quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines. Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030. The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology.Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities. (Disponvel: http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.) The main idea of the text is related to:

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the countrys air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. We cant carry on with diesel and petrol cars, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. There is no alternative to embracing new technology. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany. Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory. The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once theyre cheaper to own than conventional vehicles. The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly 1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050. Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues. The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Unions annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to Kings College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year. The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech. We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines. Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030. The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology.Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities. (Disponvel: http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.) Com base no texto, considere as seguintes afirmativas: No primeiro pargrafo, a palavra em negrito e sublinhada (it) refere-se ao Reino Unido. No segundo pargrafo, a palavra em negrito e sublinhada (they) refere-se a electric, fuel cell and pug-in hybrid cars. No terceiro pargrafo, a palavra em negrito e sublinhada (they) refere-se a conventional vehicles. No oitavo pargrafo, a palavra we em negrito e sublinhada refere-se ao governo da Frana. Assinale a alternativa correta.

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the countrys air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. We cant carry on with diesel and petrol cars, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. There is no alternative to embracing new technology. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany. Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory. The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once theyre cheaper to own than conventional vehicles. The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly 1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050. Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues. The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Unions annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to Kings College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year. The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech. We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines. Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030. The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology.Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities. (Disponvel: http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.) Consider the following excerpt taken from the text: British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Choose the alternative that conveys the same meaning of the excerpt above.