Questões de Inglês - UNIFESP 2013 | Gabarito e resoluções

(UNIFESP - 2013) Work after eight months of pregnancy is as harmful as smoking, study finds Conal Urquhart and agencies July 28, 2012 Working after eight months of pregnancy is as harmful for babies as smoking, according to a new study. Women who worked after they were eight months pregnant had babies on average around 230g lighter than those who stopped work between six and eight months. The University of Essex research which drew on data from three major studies, two in the UK and one in the US found the effect of continuing to work during the late stages of pregnancy was equal to that of smoking while pregnant. Babies whose mothers worked or smoked throughout pregnancy grew more slowly in the womb. Past research has shown babies with low birth weights are at higher risk of poor health and slow development, and may suffer from a variety of problems later in life. Stopping work early in pregnancy was particularly beneficial for women with lower levels of education, the study found suggesting that the effect of working during pregnancy was possibly more marked for those doing physically demanding work. The birth weight of babies born to mothers under the age of 24 was not affected by them continuing to work, but in older mothers the effect was more significant. The researchers identified 1,339 children whose mothers were part of the British Household Panel Survey, which was conducted between 1991 and 2005, and for whom data was available. A further sample of 17,483 women who gave birth in 2000 or 2001 and who took part in the Millennium Cohort Study was also examined and showed similar results, along with 12,166 from the National Survey of Family Growth, relating to births in the US between the early 1970s and 1995. One of the authors of the study, Prof. Marco Francesconi, said the government should consider incentives _____1_____ employers to offer more flexible maternity leave to women who might need a break before, _____2_____ after, their babies were born. He said: We know low birth weight is a predictor of many things that happen later, including lower chances of completing school successfully, lower wages and higher mortality. We need to think seriously about parental leave, because as this study suggests the possible benefits of taking leave flexibly before the birth _____3_____ quite high. The study also suggests British women may be working for _____4_____ now during pregnancy. While 16% of mothers questioned by the British Household Panel Study, which went as far back as 1991, worked up to one month before the birth, the figure was 30% in the Millennium Cohort Study, whose subjects were born in 2000 and 2001. (www.guardian.co.uk) Assinale a alternativa que completa corretamente a lacuna 1 no texto.

(UNIFESP - 2013) TEXTO PARA A PRXIMA QUESTO: Life of a Nantucket Surgeon By Tara Parker-Pope July 27, 2012 In her new book, Island Practice, the New York Times reporter Pam Belluck tells the story of Dr. Timothy Lepore, a quirky 67-year-old physician who for the past 30 years has been the only surgeon working on the island of Nantucket. But Dr. Lepore is no ordinary surgeon. Life on an island, even one that has become a summer playground to the rich and famous, requires a certain amount of resourcefulness and flexibility. Over the years Dr. Lepore has taken it upon himself to deliver whatever type of medical care his island inhabitants need, often challenging conventional notions of medicine and redefining what it means to be a healer. While his surgical skills have been used for minor repairs and lifesaving procedures, he often works as a general practitioner, treating everyday ailments. Distraught island residents also call on him for counseling and comfort, and he even steps into the role of veterinarian when needed. I recently spoke with Ms. Belluck about the time she spent with Dr. Lepore. Heres part of our conversation. I think of Nantucket as a posh summer tourist destination. Were you surprised to find such a quirky character there? I thought of it as this rich summer haven, but there is this whole year-round population that is really interesting and diverse and has to scrabble for a living. Even the hardship was surprising. You think any place is accessible, but there are a lot of times where you cannot get on or off the island, and you cant get what you need. Even though they have fast ferries and airplanes now, youre still at the mercy of the elements, and that creates a lot of drama. What kinds of challenges has Dr. Lepore faced? Part of it is the fact that as the only surgeon, you kind of need to do everything, and you may not know how to do something. There was a guy who came home and had forgotten to pick up potatoes, and his wife stabbed him in the heart. Its the kind of stab wound that only 10 percent of patients make it to the hospital alive, and 1 percent will survive. Dr. Lepore had never seen anything like this before, but there was no time to get the guy off the island. So he had to reach in and get the heart started. There wasnt the right equipment to sew him up, and they had only six units of blood, which is not that much. But hes an encyclopedia of arcane facts, and he remembered that in the 1800s they used black silk thread for this kind of injury. They found some black silk thread, and he managed to close this guys heart and get it beating again. The guy survived and became a marathon runner. There is a field hospital-type feeling to it. Youre not under fire, but there is making do with what you have and flying by the seat of your pants. Often the weather is bad, and he has never done it before, but he just has to do it. Does he make a good living? Does he take insurance? He takes insurance, but he also takes people who cant pay at all. He will even allow people to pay him in kind. One of the undercurrents of the book is that his hospital on Nantucket is now run by Partners Health Care, the big health care corporation that runs Massachusetts General and Brigham and Womens Hospital. They have instituted some new systems, but he flouts many of them. He says, Nobody is going to manage my time. Nobody is going to tell me what to do. They cant really complain because they need him. (www.nytimes.com. Adaptado.) No excerto do primeiro pargrafo Dr. Lepore has taken it upon himself to deliver whatever type of medical care his island inhabitants need , a expresso em destaque equivale, em portugus, a

(Unifesp 2013) Work after eight months of pregnancy is as harmful as smoking, study finds Conal Urquhart and agencies July 28, 2012 Working after eight months of pregnancy is as harmful for babies as smoking, according to a new study. Women who worked after they were eight months pregnant had babies on average around 230g lighter than those who stopped work between six and eight months. The University of Essex research which drew on data from three major studies, two in the UK and one in the US found the effect of continuing to work during the late stages of pregnancy was equal to that of smoking while pregnant. Babies whose mothers worked or smoked throughout pregnancy grew more slowly in the womb. Past research has shown babies with low birth weights are at higher risk of poor health and slow development, and may suffer from a variety of problems later in life. Stopping work early in pregnancy was particularly beneficial for women with lower levels of education, the study found suggesting that the effect of working during pregnancy was possibly more marked for those doing physically demanding work. The birth weight of babies born to mothers under the age of 24 was not affected by them continuing to work, but in older mothers the effect was more significant. The researchers identified 1,339 children whose mothers were part of the British Household Panel Survey, which was conducted between 1991 and 2005, and for whom data was available. A further sample of 17,483 women who gave birth in 2000 or 2001 and who took part in the Millennium Cohort Study was also examined and showed similar results, along with 12,166 from the National Survey of Family Growth, relating to births in the US between the early 1970s and 1995. One of the authors of the study, Prof. Marco Francesconi, said the government should consider incentives _____1_____employers to offer more flexible maternity leave to women who might need a break before, _____2_____after, their babies were born. He said: We know low birth weight is a predictor of many things that happen later, including lower chances of completing school successfully, lower wages and higher mortality. We need to think seriously about parental leave, because as this study suggests the possible benefits of taking leave flexibly before the birth_____3_____quite high. The study also suggests British women may be working for _____4_____now during pregnancy. While 16% of mothers questioned by the British Household Panel Study, which went as far back as 1991, worked up to one month before the birth, the figure was 30% in the Millennium Cohort Study, whose subjects were born in 2000 and 2001. (www.guardian.co.uk) Assinale a alternativa que completa corretamente a lacuna4no texto.

(UNIFESP - 2013) Life of a Nantucket Surgeon By Tara Parker-Pope July 27, 2012 In her new book, Island Practice, the New York Times reporter Pam Belluck tells the story of Dr. Timothy Lepore, a quirky 67-year-old physician who for the past 30 years has been the only surgeon working on the island of Nantucket. But Dr. Lepore is no ordinary surgeon. Life on an island, even one that has become a summer playground to the rich and famous, requires a certain amount of resourcefulness and flexibility. Over the years Dr. Lepore has taken it upon himself to deliver whatever type of medical care his island inhabitants need, often challenging conventional notions of medicine and redefining what it means to be a healer. While his surgical skills have been used for minor repairs and lifesaving procedures, he often works as a general practitioner, treating everyday ailments. Distraught island residents also call on him for counseling and comfort, and he even steps into the role of veterinarian when needed. I recently spoke with Ms. Belluck about the time she spent with Dr. Lepore. Heres part of our conversation. I think of Nantucket as a posh summer tourist destination. Were you surprised to find such a quirky character there? I thought of it as this rich summer haven, but there is this whole year-round population that is really interesting and diverse and has to scrabble for a living. Even the hardship was surprising. You think any place is accessible, but there are a lot of times where you cannot get on or off the island, and you cant get what you need. Even though they have fast ferries and airplanes now, youre still at the mercy of the elements, and that creates a lot of drama. What kinds of challenges has Dr. Lepore faced? Part of it is the fact that as the only surgeon, you kind of need to do everything, and you may not know how to do something. There was a guy who came home and had forgotten to pick up potatoes, and his wife stabbed him in the heart. Its the kind of stab wound that only 10 percent of patients make it to the hospital alive, and 1 percent will survive. Dr. Lepore had never seen anything like this before, but there was no time to get the guy off the island. So he had to reach in and get the heart started. There wasnt the right equipment to sew him up, and they had only six units of blood, which is not that much. But hes an encyclopedia of arcane facts, and he remembered that in the 1800s they used black silk thread for this kind of injury. They found some black silk thread, and he managed to close this guys heart and get it beating again. The guy survived and became a marathon runner. There is a field hospital-type feeling to it. Youre not under fire, but there is making do with what you have and flying by the seat of your pants. Often the weather is bad, and he has never done it before, but he just has to do it. Does he make a good living? Does he take insurance? He takes insurance, but he also takes people who cant pay at all. He will even allow people to pay him in kind. One of the undercurrents of the book is that his hospital on Nantucket is now run by Partners Health Care, the big health care corporation that runs Massachusetts General and Brigham and Womens Hospital. They have instituted some new systems, but he flouts many of them. He says, Nobody is going to manage my time. Nobody is going to tell me what to do. They cant really complain because they need him. (www.nytimes.com. Adaptado.) The excerpt from the answer to the second question -there was no time to get the guy off the island - means that the patient