Questões de Inglês - UEFS | Gabarito e resoluções

(UEFS 2014- Meio do ano) TEXTO: Chinas one-child policy Chinas top legislature approved resolutions to officially amend its controversial one-child policy. The changes to the one-child policy will mean couples will be allowed to have two children if one of the parents was 5 an only child, according to the state-run Xinhua news agency. Currently, both parents must be sole children to be eligible for a second child. The one-child policy, which started in the 1970s, is believed to have prevented some 400 million births, 10 according to Xinhua. Although the policy has been applauded by many for slowing down Chinas rapid population growth, it has also been widely criticized for resulting in forced abortions and hefty fines for families. Some critics say the law hurts Chinas elderly, who 15 typically rely on their children for support in old age, and even constrains economic growth as the working-age population begins to decline. Since the 1990s, the birth rate has declined, with Chinese women giving birth to an average of 1.4 to 1.6 children. 20 The worlds most populous nation will soon have too few people or, rather, too few of the right kind of people. More than three decades of governmentmandated family planning have succeeded beyond the architects most grandiose dreams. Add to that the natural 25 inclination of richer, more educated people to limit their family size, and Chinas population growth is projected to gradually diminish within fifteen years. That would leave the Peoples Republic with a distorted population: too few youths, too few women and too many elderly. 30 Off icials say the easing of the one-child policy does not mean China is ending its family planning. China still has a large population. This has not changed. Many of our economic and social problems are rooted in this reality, said Jiang Fan, a National Peoples Congress 35 deputy, in Chinese media. We cannot risk the population growing out of control. PARK, Madison. Chinas one-child policy. Disponível em: http:// www.cnn.com/2013/12/28/world/asia/china-one-child-policy-official. Acesso em: 13 jun. 2014. Adaptado. Fill in the parentheses with T (True) or F (False). Considering the future of Chinas one-child law, Chinese officials like Jiang Fan ( ) think that this policy is consistent with the nations plan for population growth. ( ) emphasize that this policy is supposed to continue. ( ) believe that the government intends to make it even stricter. ( ) are in favor of abolishing this law as soon as possible. According to the text, the correct sequence, from top to bottom, is

(UEFS 2014- Meio do ano) TEXTO: Chinas one-child policy Chinas top legislature approved resolutions to officially amend its controversial one-child policy. The changes to the one-child policy will mean couples will be allowed to have two children if one of the parents was 5 an only child, according to the state-run Xinhua news agency. Currently, both parents must be sole children to be eligible for a second child. The one-child policy, which started in the 1970s, is believed to have prevented some 400 million births, 10 according to Xinhua. Although the policy has been applauded by many for slowing down Chinas rapid population growth, it has also been widely criticized for resulting in forced abortions and hefty fines for families. Some critics say the law hurts Chinas elderly, who 15 typically rely on their children for support in old age, and even constrains economic growth as the working-age population begins to decline. Since the 1990s, the birth rate has declined, with Chinese women giving birth to an average of 1.4 to 1.6 children. 20 The worlds most populous nation will soon have too few people or, rather, too few of the right kind of people. More than three decades of governmentmandated family planning have succeeded beyond the architects most grandiose dreams. Add to that the natural 25 inclination of richer, more educated people to limit their family size, and Chinas population growth is projected to gradually diminish within fifteen years. That would leave the Peoples Republic with a distorted population: too few youths, too few women and too many elderly. 30 Off icials say the easing of the one-child policy does not mean China is ending its family planning. China still has a large population. This has not changed. Many of our economic and social problems are rooted in this reality, said Jiang Fan, a National Peoples Congress 35 deputy, in Chinese media. We cannot risk the population growing out of control. PARK, Madison. Chinas one-child policy. Disponível em: http:// www.cnn.com/2013/12/28/world/asia/china-one-child-policy-official. Acesso em: 13 jun. 2014. Adaptado. The only pair of opposites is in alternative

(UEFS 2014 - Meio do ano) TEXTO: Heads in the cloud It all started with the wall. In 1999 education researcher Sugata Mitra and his colleagues thought it would be interesting to install a computer in a wall bordering an urban slum in New Delhi to see what the 5 kids there might make of it. The results were stunning. With no supervision, the children taught themselves how to use the computer, including picking up English to look for answers to all sorts of questions. Subsequent similar experiments led Mitra to conclude that the most creative 10 and productive education comes when children arent threatened but inspired especially by their peers. The traditional approach was created by the British to train the subjects of the empire, and, he argues, the system continues to produce identical people for a machine that 15 no longer exists. Instead, what he calls a self-organized learning environment is all about getting kids excited about what they can know. In a proposal that won Mitra the TED award this year, he suggests creating an enormous self-organized school in the cloud, where, with 20 a little guidance but minimal interference from grandmothers, kids can explore the universe at will to answer their own questions and those that are put to them. DICKEY, Christopher. Heads in the cloud. In: Big Think, Around the world in six ideas. Newsweek, Mar 25, 2013. p. 8. Fill in the parentheses with T (True) or F (False). Its stated in the text: ( ) Sugata Mitra and his colleagues donated lots of computers to the inhabitants of a slum in New Delhi. ( ) The slum kids were highly motivated by the opportunity of having a computer in their area. ( ) The kids who lived in that slum couldnt make the most of the opportunity because all the sites and comments were in English. ( ) The slum kids learned how to use the computer all on their own. According to the text, the correct sequence, from top to bottom, is

(UEFS 2014 - Meio do ano) TEXTO: Heads in the cloud It all started with the wall. In 1999 education researcher Sugata Mitra and his colleagues thought it would be interesting to install a computer in a wall bordering an urban slum in New Delhi to see what the 5 kids there might make of it. The results were stunning. With no supervision, the children taught themselves how to use the computer, including picking up English to look for answers to all sorts of questions. Subsequent similar experiments led Mitra to conclude that the most creative 10 and productive education comes when children arent threatened but inspired especially by their peers. The traditional approach was created by the British to train the subjects of the empire, and, he argues, the system continues to produce identical people for a machine that 15 no longer exists. Instead, what he calls a self-organized learning environment is all about getting kids excited about what they can know. In a proposal that won Mitra the TED award this year, he suggests creating an enormous self-organized school in the cloud, where, with 20 a little guidance but minimal interference from grandmothers, kids can explore the universe at will to answer their own questions and those that are put to them. DICKEY, Christopher. Heads in the cloud. In: Big Think, Around the world in six ideas. Newsweek, Mar 25, 2013. p. 8. As far as the British traditional approach to train its subjects is considered, Sugata Mitra

(UEFS 2014 - Meio do ano) TEXTO: Heads in the cloud It all started with the wall. In 1999 education researcher Sugata Mitra and his colleagues thought it would be interesting to install a computer in a wall bordering an urban slum in New Delhi to see what the 5 kids there might make of it. The results were stunning. With no supervision, the children taught themselves how to use the computer, including picking up English to look for answers to all sorts of questions. Subsequent similar experiments led Mitra to conclude that the most creative 10 and productive education comes when children arent threatened but inspired especially by their peers. The traditional approach was created by the British to train the subjects of the empire, and, he argues, the system continues to produce identical people for a machine that 15 no longer exists. Instead, what he calls a self-organized learning environment is all about getting kids excited about what they can know. In a proposal that won Mitra the TED award this year, he suggests creating an enormous self-organized school in the cloud, where, with 20 a little guidance but minimal interference from grandmothers, kids can explore the universe at will to answer their own questions and those that are put to them. DICKEY, Christopher. Heads in the cloud. In: Big Think, Around the world in six ideas. Newsweek, Mar 25, 2013. p. 8. The phrase picking up English (l. 7) should be understood as

(UEFS 2014 - Meio do ano) TEXTO: Heads in the cloud It all started with the wall. In 1999 education researcher Sugata Mitra and his colleagues thought it would be interesting to install a computer in a wall bordering an urban slum in New Delhi to see what the 5 kids there might make of it. The results were stunning. With no supervision, the children taught themselves how to use the computer, including picking up English to look for answers to all sorts of questions. Subsequent similar experiments led Mitra to conclude that the most creative 10 and productive education comes when children arent threatened but inspired especially by their peers. The traditional approach was created by the British to train the subjects of the empire, and, he argues, the system continues to produce identical people for a machine that 15 no longer exists. Instead, what he calls a self-organized learning environment is all about getting kids excited about what they can know. In a proposal that won Mitra the TED award this year, he suggests creating an enormous self-organized school in the cloud, where, with 20 a little guidance but minimal interference from grandmothers, kids can explore the universe at will to answer their own questions and those that are put to them. DICKEY, Christopher. Heads in the cloud. In: Big Think, Around the world in six ideas. Newsweek, Mar 25, 2013. p. 8. The phrase With no supervision (l. 6) can be exactly rephrased as

(UEFS 2014 - Meio do ano) TEXTO: Heads in the cloud It all started with the wall. In 1999 education researcher Sugata Mitra and his colleagues thought it would be interesting to install a computer in a wall bordering an urban slum in New Delhi to see what the 5 kids there might make of it. The results were stunning. With no supervision, the children taught themselves how to use the computer, including picking up English to look for answers to all sorts of questions. Subsequent similar experiments led Mitra to conclude that the most creative 10 and productive education comes when children arent threatened but inspired especially by their peers. The traditional approach was created by the British to train the subjects of the empire, and, he argues, the system continues to produce identical people for a machine that 15 no longer exists. Instead, what he calls a self-organized learning environment is all about getting kids excited about what they can know. In a proposal that won Mitra the TED award this year, he suggests creating an enormous self-organized school in the cloud, where, with 20 a little guidance but minimal interference from grandmothers, kids can explore the universe at will to answer their own questions and those that are put to them. DICKEY, Christopher. Heads in the cloud. In: Big Think, Around the world in six ideas. Newsweek, Mar 25, 2013. p. 8. Considering verb forms used in the text, its correct to say:

(UEFS 2014 - Meio do ano) TEXTO: A team of Peruvian archaeologists has found a new trail leading to the Machu Picchu complex in Cusco, Peru even if much of the road is still heavily covered by thick vegetation. The discovery was announced by 5 the director of the Archaeological Park of Machu Picchu, Fernando Astete. The new road, almost a mile long, leads to the Wayraqtambo area located in the rear section of the citadel. A team of workers are still on site cleaning the path, 10 whose width varies between 3.9 and 4.5 feet, to clean the road of brushes and trees. At the moment, only intermittent retaining walls, up to 10 feet high, holding back Machu Picchu mountain can be seen. We dont know yet exactly how long or how tall the tunnel is, 15 Astete told Fox News Latino, explaining that much excavation needs to be done. The tunnel was built after 20 feet of earth and rock collapsed over the road, he added. [The Incas] had to break up all those rocks to construct the tunnel. 20 The road includes a tunnelaround 15 feet long and as much as 12 feet highbuilt with the rocks typical of Inca architecture. It is one of the finest examples of Inca engineering, Astete has said. Astete told FNL that the newly-discovered road 25 probably predates Machu Picchu itself, which was built at the height of the Inca Empire, around 1450, and was unknown to the outside world before being discovered in 1911 by the American historian Hiram Bingham. While Machu Picchus original purpose is still 30 unknown, one of the most popular theories about the site is that it was the royal retreat of the 15th-century Inca Emperor Pachacuti. According to a National Geographic report published in 2011, this idea maintains that Machu Picchu was a place for Pachacuti and his 35 royal court to relax, hunt, and entertain guests. Machu Picchu, which covers 32,592 hectares of mountain slopes, peaks and valleys, was declared one of UNESCOs World Heritage Sites in 1983. New Trail to Machu Picchu. Disponível em: http:// latino.foxnews.com/latino/lifestyle/2014/06/06/new-trail-to-machupicchu-found-in-peru-nearly-mile-long-and-wit-tunnel/. Acesso em: 13 jun. 2014. Adaptado. Fill in the parentheses with T (True) or F (False). About the new trail to Machu Picchu, its correct to say: ( ) Its narrower than a five feet path. ( ) It has already been cleared of all kinds of vegetation. ( ) There is a regular high wall all around it. ( ) Its discovers are still uncertain about the exact size of its tunnel. According to the text, the correct sequence, from top to bottom, is

(UEFS 2014 - Meio do ano) TEXTO: A team of Peruvian archaeologists has found a new trail leading to the Machu Picchu complex in Cusco, Peru even if much of the road is still heavily covered by thick vegetation. The discovery was announced by 5 the director of the Archaeological Park of Machu Picchu, Fernando Astete. The new road, almost a mile long, leads to the Wayraqtambo area located in the rear section of the citadel. A team of workers are still on site cleaning the path, 10 whose width varies between 3.9 and 4.5 feet, to clean the road of brushes and trees. At the moment, only intermittent retaining walls, up to 10 feet high, holding back Machu Picchu mountain can be seen. We dont know yet exactly how long or how tall the tunnel is, 15 Astete told Fox News Latino, explaining that much excavation needs to be done. The tunnel was built after 20 feet of earth and rock collapsed over the road, he added. [The Incas] had to break up all those rocks to construct the tunnel. 20 The road includes a tunnelaround 15 feet long and as much as 12 feet highbuilt with the rocks typical of Inca architecture. It is one of the finest examples of Inca engineering, Astete has said. Astete told FNL that the newly-discovered road 25 probably predates Machu Picchu itself, which was built at the height of the Inca Empire, around 1450, and was unknown to the outside world before being discovered in 1911 by the American historian Hiram Bingham. While Machu Picchus original purpose is still 30 unknown, one of the most popular theories about the site is that it was the royal retreat of the 15th-century Inca Emperor Pachacuti. According to a National Geographic report published in 2011, this idea maintains that Machu Picchu was a place for Pachacuti and his 35 royal court to relax, hunt, and entertain guests. Machu Picchu, which covers 32,592 hectares of mountain slopes, peaks and valleys, was declared one of UNESCOs World Heritage Sites in 1983. New Trail to Machu Picchu. Disponível em: http:// latino.foxnews.com/latino/lifestyle/2014/06/06/new-trail-to-machupicchu-found-in-peru-nearly-mile-long-and-wit-tunnel/. Acesso em: 13 jun. 2014. Adaptado. The director of the Archaeological Park of Machu Picchu, Fernando Astete

(UEFS 2014 - Meio do ano) TEXTO: A team of Peruvian archaeologists has found a new trail leading to the Machu Picchu complex in Cusco, Peru even if much of the road is still heavily covered by thick vegetation. The discovery was announced by 5 the director of the Archaeological Park of Machu Picchu, Fernando Astete. The new road, almost a mile long, leads to the Wayraqtambo area located in the rear section of the citadel. A team of workers are still on site cleaning the path, 10 whose width varies between 3.9 and 4.5 feet, to clean the road of brushes and trees. At the moment, only intermittent retaining walls, up to 10 feet high, holding back Machu Picchu mountain can be seen. We dont know yet exactly how long or how tall the tunnel is, 15 Astete told Fox News Latino, explaining that much excavation needs to be done. The tunnel was built after 20 feet of earth and rock collapsed over the road, he added. [The Incas] had to break up all those rocks to construct the tunnel. 20 The road includes a tunnelaround 15 feet long and as much as 12 feet highbuilt with the rocks typical of Inca architecture. It is one of the finest examples of Inca engineering, Astete has said. Astete told FNL that the newly-discovered road 25 probably predates Machu Picchu itself, which was built at the height of the Inca Empire, around 1450, and was unknown to the outside world before being discovered in 1911 by the American historian Hiram Bingham. While Machu Picchus original purpose is still 30 unknown, one of the most popular theories about the site is that it was the royal retreat of the 15th-century Inca Emperor Pachacuti. According to a National Geographic report published in 2011, this idea maintains that Machu Picchu was a place for Pachacuti and his 35 royal court to relax, hunt, and entertain guests. Machu Picchu, which covers 32,592 hectares of mountain slopes, peaks and valleys, was declared one of UNESCOs World Heritage Sites in 1983. New Trail to Machu Picchu. Disponível em: http:// latino.foxnews.com/latino/lifestyle/2014/06/06/new-trail-to-machupicchu-found-in-peru-nearly-mile-long-and-wit-tunnel/. Acesso em: 13 jun. 2014. Adaptado. Fill in the parentheses with T (True) or F (False). The text has answers to the following questions: ( ) Who discovered Machu Picchu? ( ) How big is Machu Picchu? ( ) What do some people believe Machu Picchu was used for? ( ) When exactly did the Incas leave Machu Picchu? According to the text, the correct sequence, from top to bottom, is

(UEFS 2013 - Meio do ano) For the first time, scientists have created human embryos that are genetic copies of living people and used them to make stem cells a feat that paves the way for treating a range of diseases with personalized body 5 tissues but also ignites fears of human cloning. If replicated in other labs, the methods detailed Wednesday in the journal Cell would allow researchers to fashion human embryonic stem cells that are custom-made for patients with Alzheimers disease, diabetes and other 10 health problems. Theoretically capable of reproducing themselves indefinitely, these stem cells could be used to grow replacements for a wide variety of diseased cells those of the blood, skin, heart, brain, muscles, nerves and 15 more that would not risk rejection by the patients immune system. The report also raises the specter that, with a high-quality donor egg, a bit of skin, some careful tending in a lab and the womb of a willing surrogate, humans 20 have cracked the biological secret to reproducingthemselves. That is an objective American scientists have squarely renounced as unethical and scientifically irresponsible. At the same time, most acknowledge that such reproductive cloning will one day prove too 25 tempting to resist. In the hope that other researchers will validate and extend their results, the scientists at Oregon Health Science University provided an exceptionally detailed account of their techniques. For anyone with a 30 well-equipped fertility lab, the comprehensive guide could also be a useful handbook for cloning a baby. The success of the experiments rekindled debate among bioethicists, who have long anticipated that human cloning would become a reality. HEALY, Melissa. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 13 maio 2013. The word feat (l. 3) conveys the idea of something

(UEFS 2013 - Meio do ano) A new website designed to help people with spelling has been unveiled by a British disability charity. Mencap says there is a growing problem with a new generation of people who have been brought up on the computer 5 function which automatically corrects misspelt words. Mencap designed the site because they believe that standards of spelling are falling in Britain, with serious consequences for peoples ability to deal with the global downturn. A survey commissioned for the charity revealed 10 that 65% of people were unable to spell the word necessary correctly, and only one-in-five people successfully completed a short spelling test. Despite the results, three-quarters of those questioned thought they were good spellers, and agreed that it was an 15 important skill to have. Grant Morgan is the Creative Director for the Mencap Spellathon. He says the autocorrect function on computer software is the main culprit for the decline in standards.Mr Morgan says those who cant spell are 20 at an immediate disadvantage in the workplace, and could lose out to competitors if, for example, they misspell words on their CV. In an increasingly tough international market, the problem could damage Britain as a whole. Mencap is holding an online Spellathon championship, 25 where age may well trump youth. MCMANUS, John. Can you spell? Disponível em: . Acesso em: 13 de maio 2013. Fill in the parentheses with T (True) or F (False). Considering the British people questioned, the survey mentioned in the text has shown that ( ) despite a decline in ability, most of them are over-confident about spelling success. ( ) as the computer autocorrect tool can always be activated, they dont think the spelling ability is all that important. ( ) over half of them couldnt spell the word necessary correctly. ( ) only one-fifth of them succeeded in doing the spelling test correctly. According to the text, the correct sequence, from top to bottom, is

(UEFS 2013 - Meio do ano) A new website designed to help people with spelling has been unveiled by a British disability charity. Mencap says there is a growing problem with a new generation of people who have been brought up on the computer 5 function which automatically corrects misspelt words. Mencap designed the site because they believe that standards of spelling are falling in Britain, with serious consequences for peoples ability to deal with the global downturn. A survey commissioned for the charity revealed 10 that 65% of people were unable to spell the word necessary correctly, and only one-in-five people successfully completed a short spelling test. Despite the results, three-quarters of those questioned thought they were good spellers, and agreed that it was an 15 important skill to have. Grant Morgan is the Creative Director for the Mencap Spellathon. He says the autocorrect function on computer software is the main culprit for the decline in standards.Mr Morgan says those who cant spell are 20 at an immediate disadvantage in the workplace, and could lose out to competitors if, for example, they misspell words on their CV. In an increasingly tough international market, the problem could damage Britain as a whole. Mencap is holding an online Spellathon championship, 25 where age may well trump youth. MCMANUS, John. Can you spell? Disponível em: . Acesso em: 13 de maio 2013. According to Grant Morgan, the computer autocorrect function

(UEFS 2013 - Meio do ano) A new website designed to help people with spelling has been unveiled by a British disability charity. Mencap says there is a growing problem with a new generation of people who have been brought up on the computer 5 function which automatically corrects misspelt words. Mencap designed the site because they believe that standards of spelling are falling in Britain, with serious consequences for peoples ability to deal with the global downturn. A survey commissioned for the charity revealed 10 that 65% of people were unable to spell the word necessary correctly, and only one-in-five people successfully completed a short spelling test. Despite the results, three-quarters of those questioned thought they were good spellers, and agreed that it was an 15 important skill to have. Grant Morgan is the Creative Director for the Mencap Spellathon. He says the autocorrect function on computer software is the main culprit for the decline in standards.Mr Morgan says those who cant spell are 20 at an immediate disadvantage in the workplace, and could lose out to competitors if, for example, they misspell words on their CV. In an increasingly tough international market, the problem could damage Britain as a whole. Mencap is holding an online Spellathon championship, 25 where age may well trump youth. MCMANUS, John. Can you spell? Disponível em: . Acesso em: 13 de maio 2013. When the author mentions the global downturn (l. 8-9), he refers to

(UEFS 2013 - Meio do ano) A new website designed to help people with spelling has been unveiled by a British disability charity. Mencap says there is a growing problem with a new generation of people who have been brought up on the computer 5 function which automatically corrects misspelt words. Mencap designed the site because they believe that standards of spelling are falling in Britain, with serious consequences for peoples ability to deal with the global downturn. A survey commissioned for the charity revealed 10 that 65% of people were unable to spell the word necessary correctly, and only one-in-five people successfully completed a short spelling test. Despite the results, three-quarters of those questioned thought they were good spellers, and agreed that it was an 15 important skill to have. Grant Morgan is the Creative Director for the Mencap Spellathon. He says the autocorrect function on computer software is the main culprit for the decline in standards.Mr Morgan says those who cant spell are 20 at an immediate disadvantage in the workplace, and could lose out to competitors if, for example, they misspell words on their CV. In an increasingly tough international market, the problem could damage Britain as a whole. Mencap is holding an online Spellathon championship, 25 where age may well trump youth. MCMANUS, John. Can you spell? Disponível em: . Acesso em: 13 de maio 2013. About the online Spellathon championship, the author of the text thinks that