Questões de Inglês - UEFS | Gabarito e resoluções

Like a black light poster come to life, a group of bioluminescent fungi collected from Ribeira Valley Tourist State Park near São Paulo, Brazil, emanates a soft green glow when the lights go out. The mushrooms are part of 5 the genus Mycena, a group that includes about 500 species worldwide. Of these only 33 are known to be bioluminescent capable of producing light through a chemical reaction. Since 2002, Cassius Stevani, professor of Chemistry 10 at the University of São Paulo, Dennis Desjardin, professor of mycology at San Francisco State University in California, and Marina Capelari of Brazils Institute of Botany have discovered 10 more bioluminescent fungi species four of which are new to science in Brazils 15 tropical forests. The work, Stevani says, has increased the number of glowers known since the 1970s by 30 percent. In addition to mushrooms, a variety of marine animals, select species of bacteria, insects, and annelids 20 (earthworms) are known to be bioluminescent. Bioluminescence creates cold light emissions with low thermal radiation. An enzyme called luciferase triggers a pigment called luciferin to oxidize, and the reaction emits light. But why the fungi evolved to glow 25 this way remains a mystery, Stevani says. To get the green glow of the new specimens of bioluminescent mushrooms, Dr Desjardin and Dr Stevani had to go out on new moon nights and stumble around in the forest, running into trees, while keeping an eye out for poisonous 30 snakes and prowling jaguars. Besides helping researchers decipher how and why mushrooms glow, Stevani is studying the bioluminescent fungis ability to signal the presence of toxins in the soil. In the lab, his team has developed a procedure that 35 shows that fungi emit less light when exposed to several metals and organic pollutants. In a near future we can use it to evaluate the toxicity of environmental samples of soil and sediments, Stevani said in an email to National Geographic News. The researcher also says 40 that the fungi could serve as a tool for bioremediation (cleanup using living organisms) of contaminated soil. New glowing mushrooms found in Brazil. Disponível em: . Acesso em: The expression keeping an eye out for (l. 29) is nearest in meaning to

Considering the little dogs in the cartoon, Snoopy, the big dog, is

(UEFS - 2012/1) Steve Jobs early life and education Steven Paul Steve Jobs was an American businessman and visionary widely recognized (along with his Apple business partner[5]Steve Wozniak) as a charismatic pioneer of the personal computer revolution. He was co-founder, chairman, and chief executive officer of Apple Inc. [10]Steve Jobs was born in San Francisco in 1955, and adopted at birth by Paul Reinhold Jobs (19221993) and Clara Jobs (19241986). When asked about his adoptive parents, Jobs replied emphatically[15]that Paul and Clara Jobs were my parents 1,000%. Asked in a 1995 interview what he wanted to pass on to his children, Jobs replied, Just to try to be as good a father to them as my father was to me. I think about that every day of my life. [20]Jobs told an interviewer, I was very lucky. My father, Paul, was a pretty remarkable man, a genius with his hands. When his son was five or six, Paul Jobs sectioned a piece of his workbench and gave it to Jobs,[25]saying Steve, this is your workbench now. And he gave me some of his smaller tools and showed me how to use a hammer and saw and how to build things. It really was very good for me. He spent a lot of time with me... teaching me how to build things, how to take things apart,[30]put things back together. Jobs also noted that while his father did not have a deep understanding of electronics [...] hed encountered electronics a lot in automobiles and other things he would fix. He showed me the rudiments of electronics and I got very interested in that. [35]Jobs went to elementary school and high school in Cupertino, California. He attended after-school lectures at the Hewlett-Packard Company in Palo Alto, California, and was later hired there, working with Steve Wozniak as a summer employee. Following high school graduation[40]in 1972, Jobs enrolled at Reed College in Portland, Oregon. Although he dropped out after only one semester, he continued auditing classes at Reed, while sleeping on the floor in friends rooms, returning Coke bottles for food money, and getting weekly free meals at[45]the local Hare Krishna temple. Jobs later said, If I had never dropped in on that single calligraphy course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. STEVE Jobs early life and education. Disponvel em: . Acesso em: 8 dez. 2011. *os nmeros entre colchetes indicam os nmeros das linhas do texto original. Paul Jobs[] gave it to Jobs, saying Steve, this is your workbench now. (l. 22-25) This sentence can be exactly rephrased in Indirect Speech as:

(UEFS - 2012) Like a black light poster come to life, a group of bioluminescent 1fungi collected from Ribeira Valley Tourist State Park near So Paulo, Brazil, emanates a soft green glow when the lights go out. The mushrooms are part of 5 the genus Mycena, a group that includes about 500 species worldwide. Of 2these only 33 are known to be bioluminescent capable of producing light through a chemical reaction. Since 2002, Cassius Stevani, professor of Chemistry 10 at the University of So Paulo, Dennis Desjardin, professor of mycology at San Francisco State University in California, and Marina Capelari of Brazils Institute of Botany have discovered 10 more bioluminescent fungi species four of which are new to science in Brazils 15 tropical forests. The work, Stevani says, has increased the number of glowers known since the 1970s by 30 percent. In addition to mushrooms, a variety of marine animals, select species of 3bacteria, insects, and annelids 20 (earthworms) are known to be bioluminescent. Bioluminescence creates cold light emissions with low thermal radiation. An enzyme called luciferase triggers a pigment called luciferin to oxidize, and the reaction emits light. But why the fungi evolved to glow 25 4this way remains a mystery, Stevani says. To get the green glow of the new specimens of bioluminescent mushrooms, Dr Desjardin and Dr Stevani had to go out on new moon nights and stumble around in the forest, running into trees, while keeping an eye out for poisonous 30 snakes and prowling jaguars. Besides helping researchers decipher how and why mushrooms glow, Stevani is studying the bioluminescent fungis ability to signal the presence of 5toxins in the soil. In the lab, his team has developed a procedure that 35 shows that fungi emit less light when exposed to several metals and organic pollutants. In a near future we can use it to evaluate the toxicity of environmental samples of soil and sediments, Stevani said in an email to National Geographic News. The researcher also says 40 that the fungi could serve as a tool for bioremediation (cleanup using living organisms) of contaminated soil. New glowing mushrooms found in Brazil. Disponvel em: . Acesso em: The only singular word is in alternative

A team of scientists has shown that the glaciers in one of Asias major mountain ranges are defying the general tendency towards shrinkage, and have in fact expanded slightly over the last few years. The range in 5 question is the Karakoram, which straddles Pakistan, India and China on the north-western end of the Himalayas. Glacial decline and the gradual loss of polar ice caps has been a worrying trend over recent decades, 10 but scientists have been aware of an apparently curious anomaly with the Karakoram, which contains some of the worlds biggest mountains including the second highest, K2. It has about 20,000 square kilometers of glaciers, accounting for three percent of the total area of 15 ice outside the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. Now a team of French scientists has carried out a detailed survey over a large area of the range using sophisticated remote-sensing measurements. Writing in the scientific journal, Nature, they say they found that in 20 the first years of this century the Karakorams glaciers had actually expanded by a small amount, while in the neighboring Himalayas theyd been shrinking. Its unclear why this is happening, but it seems that by a quirk in the weather pattern thats not fully understood, 25 less heat is being delivered to the Karakoram and the mountains are receiving heavier falls of snow. Thickening glaciers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 21 jul. 2012. The phenomenon with the Karakoram

A team of scientists has shown that the glaciers in one of Asias major mountain ranges are defying the general tendency towards shrinkage, and have in fact expanded slightly over the last few years. The range in 5 question is the Karakoram, which straddles Pakistan, India and China on the north-western end of the Himalayas. Glacial decline and the gradual loss of polar ice caps has been a worrying trend over recent decades, 10 but scientists have been aware of an apparently curious anomaly with the Karakoram, which contains some of the worlds biggest mountains including the second highest, K2. It has about 20,000 square kilometers of glaciers, accounting for three percent of the total area of 15 ice outside the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. Now a team of French scientists has carried out a detailed survey over a large area of the range using sophisticated remote-sensing measurements. Writing in the scientific journal, Nature, they say they found that in 20 the first years of this century the Karakorams glaciers had actually expanded by a small amount, while in the neighboring Himalayas theyd been shrinking. Its unclear why this is happening, but it seems that by a quirk in the weather pattern thats not fully understood, 25 less heat is being delivered to the Karakoram and the mountains are receiving heavier falls of snow. Thickening glaciers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 21 jul. 2012. According to the team of scientists mentioned in the text, Karakorams glaciers

(UEFS - 2011/2) Germany to invest in more electric cars The German government has approved more money to help companies that build electric cars. There are only around 2,500 electric vehicles registered on German roads at present. The plan is to increase this figure to a [5]million by 2020. Germany plans to double financial aid, particularly to develop better, lighter batteries, which remain the brake on the technologys mass appeal. Cars which emit virtually no carbon dioxide will be exempt from tax. [10]Despite its green reputation, Germany has been slower than other countries, like Japan, to develop electric cars. It now aims to change this, but attitudes may be hard to change. It is a country where no speed limits on the motorway is seen as sacrosanct. [15]And it is the country of the BMW (car), though the luxury car-maker is now trying to develop lighter materials to make its vehicles greener. EVANS, Stephen. Disponvel em: . Acesso em: 2 jun. 2011. *os nmeros entre colchetes indicam os nmeros das linhas do texto original. The word better (l. 7) is the irregular comparative degree of

(UEFS - 2010.2 - PROVA 1) TEXTO: Earthquake science A team of scientists say they can explain why many1 more people died in the earthquake in Haiti compared tothe much larger quake in Chile. The geophysicists, from the U.S. Geological Surveyand from Harvard University, said that strict building regulations in Chile had undoubtedly saved lives2. Thecountry has a long history of earthquakes and as a consequence has some of the toughest building codes3 in the world. But Doctor Walter Mooney, whos studied dozensof earthquakes around the globe, said there were also other factors behind the relatively low death toll: Firstand foremost, people4are used to earthquakes in Chile and so they did know that they have to evacuate fromdangerous structures. Secondly, this earthquake had aslow and gradual build-up.They had some 20 or 30 seconds to look at each other, realize that the ground shaking was crescendoing, and building up, and they made the right decision in almost all cases by gettingout of the dangerous structures and running out into theopen area. Thus, education, and a bit of luck is the answer to why so many people survived. Doctor Mooney contrasted that with the Haitianquake, which split open the hard rock beneath the capitalPort Au Prince within seconds. Buildings collapsedinstantly, giving people no time to escape. Despite the relatively low loss of life in Chile, Dr Mooney said the country must learn from this disaster,particularly with regards to building along the coast. Many of those5 who died were killed not by the quake, but by the tsunamis that followed it, which swept away coastal villages. And the geophysicists said that even if Chile tookprecautions, it would remain highly vulnerable toearthquakes. They said that the north of the country wasa particular worry. It hasnt suffered a big quake for arounda hundred years and is probably due for one soon, they said. LONG, Gideon. Earthquake science. Disponvel em: www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2010/03/100405_witn_earthquake_science.shtml. Acesso em: 6 jun. 2010. The only alternative in which the word has totally regular plural form is