Questões de Inglês - UFU 2017 | Gabarito e resoluções

(UFU - 2017- 1 FASE) Could Eating a Second Breakfast Help You Lose Weight? by Alexa Erickson Breakfast is the most important meal of the day, right? So why not have two? Theres a growing trend promoting a second breakfast as a weight-loss mechanism. The idea: If you eat more in the morning, youll be less likely to snack at night, when, according to research, its harder to burn off calories. Now theres research adding weight to this claim. A study conducted by researchers at Yale and the University of Connecticut suggests that eating something small to jump-start your metabolism followed by a slightly larger meal an hour or two later can keep you satiated until lunchtime and help prevent overeating throughout the rest of the day. The study, published in the journal Pediatric Obesity, tracked the weight and breakfast-eating patterns of students from 12 randomly selected urban area schools over the course of two years. The team looked at six different eating patterns: frequent breakfast skippers, inconsistent school eaters, inconsistent home eaters, frequent school eaters, frequent home eaters, and double-breakfast eaters. They found that it was the frequent breakfast skippers who showed increased odds of becoming overweight or obese compared to the double-breakfast eaters. Disponvel em: https://www.rd.com/health/diet-weight-loss/could-eating-second-breakfast-help-you-lose-weight/ . Acesso em: 23 abr. 2017. De acordo com o texto, I. tomar caf da manh em duas etapas parece ajudar a perder peso. II. pessoas que no tomam caf com frequncia tendem a ser magras. III. este estudo avalia hbitos alimentares de 12 grupos de estudantes. IV. os pesquisadores acham que mais difcil perder peso noite. V. aqueles que comem mais de manh tendem a comer menos noite. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta apenas afirmativas corretas.

(UFU - 2017- 1 FASE) SpaceX successfully launches secret government spy satellite First stage of Falcon 9 rocket lands back at Cape Canaveral SpaceX launched a top-secret spy satellite for the U.S. government Monday morning and then successfully landed the booster for recycling. The unmanned Falcon 9 rocket lifted off from its NASA-leased pad at Kennedy Space Center in Florida. It was SpaceXs first mission for the National Reconnaissance Office. No details were divulged about the newly launched NRO satellite. Instead, SpaceX focused its webcast on the successful touchdown of the first-stage booster. The leftover booster its job done landed at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station several minutes after liftoff. Sonic booms rattled the area, serving as a Monday morning wake-up call. Across the country, cheers erupted at SpaceX Mission Control at company headquarters in Hawthorne, California. SpaceX strives to return most of its boosters for reuse. The companys first recycled rocket flew last month. This was the fourth SpaceX booster landing at Cape Canaveral; even more have landed on ocean platforms. Disponvel em: http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/spacex-launches-spy-satellite-1.4093085 . Acesso em: 23 abr. 2017. According to the text, I. SpaceX is a technology company which launches satellites. II. Falcon 9 is a new top-secret U.S. government spy satellite. III. present technology allows for the use of recycled rockets. IV. the satellite was launched in secrecy from Hawthorne, California. V. NRO and SpaceX have worked on previous satellite projects. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta apenas afirmativas corretas.

(UFU - 2017- 1 FASE) Sobre a tirinha, pode-se concluir que o homem

(UFU - 2017- 1 FASE) Rare Coffin Birth Found in Black Death Burial Site by Rossella Lorenzi Researchers investigating a 14th century burial ground have identified a rare case of coffin birth - a gruesome phenomenon in which a deceased pregnant womans fetus is expelled within the grave. The event, which has seldom been reported in archaeology, is known as postmortem fetal extrusion. It results from a build-up of gas pressure within the decomposing body. In this case, we have a partial expulsion of a 38- to 40-week-old fetus, which was found to be complete and to lie within the birth canal, Deneb Cesana, at the University of Genova, told Seeker. Disponvel em:https://www.seeker.com/coffin-birth-found-in-black-death-burial-2333620306.html . Acesso em: 23 abr. 2017. Com base no texto, correto afirmar que

(UFU - 2017- 1 FASE) Surgeons Conduct Head Transplants on Rats, Say Humans Are Next After 14 head transplants on rats, a pair of surgeons say they will attempt a human head transplant in the next 10 months in China. by Eva Hershaw Chinese scientists have transplanted the head of a donor rat onto the back of a host body, creating an equally garish and impressive two-headed rat that may offer insights into the viability of an eventual human head transplant. The process, which was done by way of a rat triad, which included a donor, recipient, and blood supply rat, provided a continuous blood supply to the donor brain throughout the transplant, avoiding brain tissue hypothermia a condition where the brain suffers in absence of a blood supply. The problem has long been one of the major barriers to carrying out a successful head transplant in animal specimens. Disponvel em: https://www.seeker.com/health/medicine/surgeons-conduct-head-transplants-on-rats-say-humans-are-next . Acesso em: 23 abr. 2017. Com base no texto, possvel afirmar que I. um transplante de cabea foi realizado em ratos. II. cientistas planejam transplantar cabea em humanos. III. o rato que recebeu o transplante no sobreviveu. IV. o rato teve sua cabea substituda por uma outra. V. dois ratos foram usados no procedimento descrito. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta apenas afirmativas corretas.

(UFU - 2017- 1 FASE) Most Teens Take a Voluntary Week-Long Break From Social Media by Barbara Ortutay The common stereotype has teens glued to their phones 24-7. But nearly 60 percent of teens in the U.S. have actually taken a break from social media the bulk of them voluntarily, a new survey found. The poll, from The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research, surveyed teens aged 13 to 17 and found that most value the feeling of connection with friends and family that social media provides. A much smaller number associate it with negative emotions, such as being overwhelmed or needing to always show their best selves. The survey, released Thursday, found that teens social media breaks are typically a week or longer, and that boys are more likely to take longer breaks. Disponvel em:http://time.com/4758172/teenagers-social-media-break-survey/ . Acesso em: 23 abr. 2017. De acordo com o texto, pode-se inferir que

(UFU - 2017- 1 FASE) INNOVATIONS Facebooks Wild Vision for the Future by Lisa Eadicicco Regina Dugan, Facebooks vice president of engineering and head of its secretive Building 8, the future is full of revolutionary technologies that will enable us to communicate without typing keys, tapping screens, or even talking. Dressed in a dark Steve Jobs-like turtleneck, Dugan announced Wednesday that Facebook has a team of 60 people working on a computer interface powered by the human brain. The system would be capable of typing 100 words per minute by decoding users neural activity, which is five times faster than were able to type on smartphones. Facebook says the technology could be useful as an input tool for augmented reality devices, or as an aide for people with communication disorders Disponvel em:http://time.com/4747050/facebook-f8-day-2-keynote/ . Acesso em: 23 abr. 2017. Com base no texto, pode-se afirmar que o Facebook

(UFU - 2017 - 2 FASE) Coca-Cola Is Adding Fiber to Coke. Does That Make It Healthy? by Cynthia Sass When I heard about Coca-Cola Plus, a zero-calorie Coke with added fiber, I thought it was an April Fools joke I somehow missed. Especially when the company claimed this ridiculous product is meant for a health-conscious consumer. According to Coca-Cola, one Coke Plus a day which is currently available only in Japan can help suppress fat absorption and moderate the levels of triglycerides in the blood. Even if a double-blind study comparing Coke Plus to a placebo supported these claims, still wouldnt recommend the soda. First of all, the added fiber is bundled with an artificial sweetener, and artificial sweeteners can wreak havoc in the body. Studies suggest they may increase sweet cravings, alter gut bacteria, potentially induce glucose intolerance, raise stroke and dementia risk, and modify metabolism in ways that increase body fat. Disponvel em: http://time.com/4758424/coca-cola-plus-coke-fiber/?xid=homepage. Acesso em: 24 abr. 2017. RESPONDA A QUESTO EM INGLS. RESPOSTAS EM PORTUGUS NO SERO ACEITAS. Based on the text, answer the following questions: A) How would you describe Coca-Cola Plus? B) What are some of the possible effects of artificial sweeteners in soft drinks?

(UFU - 2017 - 2 FASE) Ancient-human genomes plucked from cave dirt by Ewen Callaway Bones and teeth arent the only ways to learn about extinct human relatives. For the first time, researchers have recovered ancient-human DNA without having obvious remains just dirt from the caves the hominins lived in. The technique opens up a new way to probe prehistory. From sediments in European and Asian caves, a team led by geneticist Viviane Slon and molecular biologist Matthias Meyer, both at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, sequenced genomes of cell structures called mitochondria from Neanderthals and another hominin group, the Denisovans. Slon and Meyer are not the first to decode ancient dirt. Palaeogeneticist Eske Willerslev of the Natural History Museum of Denmark in Copenhagen pioneered the approach in 2003, to find out about the plants and animals that populated prehistoric environments. Using the technique, he and his team revealed that Greenland was once richly forested. But Slon and Meyer are the first to use the technique on hominin DNA. Disponvel em: http://www.nature.com/news/ancient-human-genomes-plucked-from-cave-dirt-1.21910. Acesso em: 24 abr. 2017. RESPONDA A QUESTO EM INGLS. RESPOSTAS EM PORTUGUS NO SERO ACEITAS. Based on the text, answer the following questions: A) What technique did the German scientists use to sequence genomes of the Denisovans? B) How do the two discoveries mentioned in the text differ?

(UFU - 2017 - 2 FASE) Programming as a Way of Thinking by Allen Downey In first generation languages like FORTRAN and C, the burden was on programmers to translate high-level concepts into code. With modern programming languages ll use Python as an example we use functions, objects, modules, and libraries to extend the language, and that doesnt just make programs better, it changes what programming is. Programming used to be about translation: expressing ideas in natural language, working with them in math notation, then writing flowcharts and pseudocode, and finally writing a program. Translation was necessary because each language offers different capabilities. Natural language is expressive and readable, pseudocode is more precise, math notation is concise, and code is executable. But the price of translation is that we are limited to the subset of ideas we can express effectively in each language. The power of modern programming languages is that they are expressive, readable, concise, precise, and executable. That means we can eliminate middleman languages and use one language to explore, learn, teach, and think. Disponvel em: https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/programming-as-a-way-of-thinking/. Acesso em: 28 Mar. 2017. RESPONDA A QUESTO EM PORTUGUS. RESPOSTAS EM INGLS NO SERO ACEITAS. Based on the text, answer the following questions: A) What steps did first generation programmers have to follow in order to write a program? B) What makes modern programming languages more efficient?

(UFU - 2017 - 2 FASE) Stressed out: providing laboratory animals with behavioral control to reduce the physiological effects of stress by Brianna N. Gaskill and Joseph P. Garner Laboratory animals experience a large amount of environmental stress. An animals environment can include both physiological and social stressors that may require an animal to adapt to maintain allostatic balance. For example, thermal stress can lead to changes in behavior, reproduction and immune function, which has been detrimental to cancer modeling in mice. Chronic uncontrollable stress is widely acknowledged for its negative alterations to physiology. However, there is a lack in the understanding of how the laboratory environment affects animal physiology and behavior, particularly as it relates to characteristics of the human disease being modeled. Given the evidence on how stressors affect physiology, it is clear that efforts to model human physiology in animal models must consider animal stress as a confounding factor. We present evidence illustrating that providing captive animals with control or predictability is the best way to reduce the negative physiological effects of these difficult-to-manage stressors. Disponvel em: http://www.labanimal.com/laban/journal/v46/n4/pdf/laban.1218.pdf. Acesso em: 28 Mar. 2017. RESPONDA A QUESTO EM PORTUGUS. RESPOSTAS EM INGLS NO SERO ACEITAS. Based on the text, answer the following questions: A) Why do Gaskill and Garner consider important to study physiological effects of stress on laboratory animals? B) Is the statement Gaskill and Garner believe environmental stress can be eliminated in laboratory animals, right or wrong? Justify your answer.