(UFU - 2017 - 2 FASE)Programming as a Way of Think

(UFU - 2017 - 2ª FASE)

Programming as a Way of Thinking
by Allen Downey

In first generation languages like FORTRAN and C, the burden was on programmers to translate high-level concepts into code. With modern programming languages — ’ll use Python as an example — we use functions, objects, modules, and libraries to extend the language, and that doesn’t just make programs better, it changes what programming is.
Programming used to be about translation: expressing ideas in natural language, working with them in math notation, then writing flowcharts and pseudocode, and finally writing a program. Translation was necessary because each language offers different capabilities. Natural language is expressive and readable, pseudocode is more precise, math notation is concise, and code is executable. But the price of translation is that we are limited to the subset of ideas we can express effectively in each language.
The power of modern programming languages is that they are expressive, readable, concise, precise, and executable. That means we can eliminate middleman languages and use one language to explore, learn, teach, and think.

Disponível em: <https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/programming-as-a-way-of-thinking/>. Acesso em: 28 Mar. 2017.

RESPONDA A QUESTÃO EM PORTUGUÊS. RESPOSTAS EM INGLÊS NÃO SERÃO ACEITAS.

Based on the text, answer the following questions:

A) What steps did first generation programmers have to follow in order to write a program?

B) What makes modern programming languages more efficient?