(UNESP - 2003)Violence on televisionPsychological

(UNESP - 2003)

Violence on television

Psychological research has shown three major effects of seeing violence on television:

• Children may become less sensitive to the pain and suffering of others.

• Children may be more fearful of the world around them.

• Children may be more likely to behave in aggressive or harmful ways toward others.

Children who watch a lot of TV are less aroused by violent scenes than are those who only watch a little; in other words, they’re less bothered by violence in general, and less likely to see anything wrong with it. One example: in several studies, those who watched a violent program instead of a nonviolent one were slower to intervene or to call for help when, a little later, they saw younger children fighting or playing destructively. Studies by George Gerbner, Ph.D., at the University of Pennsylvania, have shown that children’s TV shows contain about 20 violent acts each hour and also that children who watch a lot of television are more likely to think that the world is a mean and dangerous place.

Children often behave differently after they’ve been watching violent programs on TV. In one study done at Pennsylvania State University, about 100 preschool children were observed both before and after watching television; some watched cartoons that had a lot of aggressive and violent acts in them, and others watched shows that didn’t have any kind of violence.

The researchers noticed real differences between the kids who watched the violent shows and those who watched nonviolent ones.

“Children who watch the violent shows, even ‘just funny’ cartoons, were more likely to hit out at their playmates, argue, disobey class rules, leave tasks unfinished, and were less willing to wait for things than those who watched the nonviolent programs,” says Aletha Huston, Ph.D., now at the University of Kansas.

(Extraído de www.apa.org/pubinfo/violence.html)

 

De acordo com as informações contidas no texto 2, assinale a alternativa que completa corretamente as lacunas

The text ................. a study in which 100 preschool children ................. both before and after watching TV.