Questões de Inglês - UNESP 2014 | Gabarito e resoluções

(UNESP - 2014 - 1 FASE) A questo toma por base uma passagem do artigoOs operrios da msica livre, de Ronaldo Evangelista. Desde o final do sculo 20, toda a engrenagem industrial do mercado musical passa por intensas transformaes, como o surgimento e disseminao de novas tecnologias, em grande parte gratuitas, como os arquivos MP3s, as redes de compartilhamento destes arquivos, mecanismos torrents, sites de armazenamento de contedo, ferramentas de publicao on-line tudo disposio de quem quisesse dividir com os outros suas canes e discos favoritos. A era ps-industrial atingiu toda a indstria do entretenimento, mas o brao da msica foi quem mais sofreu, especialmente as grandes gravadoras multinacionais, as chamadas majors, que sofreram um declnio em todas as etapas de seu antigo negcio, ao mesmo tempo em que rapidamente se aperfeioavam ferramentas baratas e caseiras de produo que diminuam a distncia entre amadores e profissionais. A era digital tambm chamada de ps-industrial porque confronta o modelo de produo que dominava at o final do sculo 20. Esse modelo industrial baseado na repetio, em formatar e embalar. Por trs disso, a ideia obter a mxima produo o que, para produtos em geral, funciona muito bem. Quando esses parmetros so aplicados arte, a venda do produto (por exemplo, o disco) depende do contedo (a cano). A cano que vai resultar nessa produo mxima buscada por meio de um equilbrio entre criatividade e uma frmula de sucesso que desperte o interesse do pblico. Como estudos ainda no conseguiram decifrar como direcionar a criatividade de uma maneira que certamente despertar esse interesse (e maximizar a produo), a opo normalmente costuma ser pela soluo mais simples. Cada um tem descoberto suas frmulas e possibilidades, pois tudo tende a ser cada vez menos homogneo, opina o baiano Lucas Santtana, que realizou seus discos recentes s prprias custas.Claro que ainda existe uma distncia em relao aos artistas chamados mainstream, continua. Mas voc muda o tamanho da escala e j est tudo igual em termos de business. A pergunta se essa gerao faz uma msica para esse grande mercado ou se ela est formando um novo pblico. Outra pergunta se o grande mercado na verdade no passa de uma imposio de uma mfia que dita o que vai ser popular. (Galileu, maro de 2013. Adaptado.) Numerosas palavras da lngua inglesa so adotadas no mundo todo em jornais, revistas e livros especializados, por terem sido incorporadas aos vocabulrios da indstria, do comrcio, da tecnologia e de muitas outras atividades. Levando em considerao o contexto do artigo, assinale a alternativa em que a palavra da lngua inglesa empregada para designar algo ou algum que caiu no gosto do pblico, com vasta disseminao pela mdia:

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 1a fase) Segundo as informaes presentes na tira, os dois homens

(UNESP - 2014 - 1 FASE) Examine o quadrinho. O homem responde que a empresa

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 1a fase) No trecho do primeiro quadrinho This should be the last load , a palavra should indica uma ideia de:

(UNESP - 2014 - 1 FASE) Leia o texto para responder questo How can consumers find out if a corporation is greenwashing environmentally unsavory practices? June 29, 2013 In essence, greenwashing involves falsely conveying to consumers that a given product, service, company or institution factors environmental responsibility into its offerings and/or operations. CorpWatch, a non-profit organization dedicated to keeping tabs on the social responsibility (or lack thereof) of U.S.-based companies, characterizes greenwashing as the phenomena of socially and environmentally destructive corporations, attempting to preserve and expand their markets or power by posing as friends of the environment. One of the groups leading the charge against greenwashing is Greenpeace. Corporations are falling all over themselves, reports the group, to demonstrate that they are environmentally conscious. The average citizen is finding it more and more difficult to tell the difference between those companies genuinely dedicated to making a difference and those that are using a green curtain to conceal dark motives. Greenpeace launched its Stop Greenwash campaign in 2009 to call out bad actors and help consumers make better choices. The most common greenwashing strategy, the group says, is when a company touts an environmental program or product while its core business is inherently polluting or unsustainable. Another involves what Greenpeace calls ad bluster: using targeted advertising or public relations to exaggerate a green achievement so as to divert attention from actual environmental problems or spending more money bragging about green behavior than on actual deeds. In some cases, companies may boast about corporate green commitments while lobbying behind the scenes against environmental laws. Greenpeace also urges vigilance about green claims that brag about something the law already requires: For example, if an industry or company has been forced to change a product, clean up its pollution or protect an endangered species, then uses Public Relations campaigns to make such action look proactive or voluntary. For consumers, the best way to avoid getting greenwashed is to be educated about who is truly green and who is just trying to look that way to make more money. Look beyond advertising claims, read ingredient lists or askemployees about the real information on their companys environmental commitment. Also, look for labels that show if a given offering has been inspected by a reliable third-party. For example, the U.S. Department of Agricultures Certified Organic label can only go on products that meet the federal governments organic standard. Just because a label says made with organic ingredients or all-natural does not mean the product qualifies as Certified Organic, so be sure to look beyond the hype. (www.scientificamerican.com. Adaptado.) No texto, o termo greenwashing tem o sentido de

(UNESP - 2014 - 1 FASE) Leia o texto para responder questo How can consumers find out if a corporation is greenwashing environmentally unsavory practices? June 29, 2013 In essence, greenwashing involves falsely conveying to consumers that a given product, service, company or institution factors environmental responsibility into its offerings and/or operations. CorpWatch, a non-profit organization dedicated to keeping tabs on the social responsibility (or lack thereof) of U.S.-based companies, characterizes greenwashing as the phenomena of socially and environmentally destructive corporations, attempting to preserve and expand their markets or power by posing as friends of the environment. One of the groups leading the charge against greenwashing is Greenpeace. Corporations are falling all over themselves, reports the group, to demonstrate that they are environmentally conscious. The average citizen is finding it more and more difficult to tell the difference between those companies genuinely dedicated to making a difference and those that are using a green curtain to conceal dark motives. Greenpeace launched its Stop Greenwash campaign in 2009 to call out bad actors and help consumers make better choices. The most common greenwashing strategy, the group says, is when a company touts an environmental program or product while its core business is inherently polluting or unsustainable. Another involves what Greenpeace calls ad bluster: using targeted advertising or public relations to exaggerate a green achievement so as to divert attention from actual environmental problems or spending more money bragging about green behavior than on actual deeds. In some cases, companies may boast about corporate green commitments while lobbying behind the scenes against environmental laws. Greenpeace also urges vigilance about green claims that brag about something the law already requires: For example, if an industry or company has been forced to change a product, clean up its pollution or protect an endangered species, then uses Public Relations campaigns to make such action look proactive or voluntary. For consumers, the best way to avoid getting greenwashed is to be educated about who is truly green and who is just trying to look that way to make more money. Look beyond advertising claims, read ingredient lists or askemployees about the real information on their companys environmental commitment. Also, look for labels that show if a given offering has been inspected by a reliable third-party. For example, the U.S. Department of Agricultures Certified Organic label can only go on products that meet the federal governments organic standard. Just because a label says made with organic ingredients or all-natural does not mean the product qualifies as Certified Organic, so be sure to look beyond the hype. (www.scientificamerican.com. Adaptado.) O objetivo do texto

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 1a fase) No segundo quadrinho, this stuff refere-se a

(UNESP - 2014 - 1 FASE) Leia o texto para responder questo How can consumers find out if a corporation is greenwashing environmentally unsavory practices? June 29, 2013 In essence, greenwashing involves falsely conveying to consumers that a given product, service, company or institution factors environmental responsibility into its offerings and/or operations. CorpWatch, a non-profit organization dedicated to keeping tabs on the social responsibility (or lack thereof) of U.S.-based companies, characterizes greenwashing as the phenomena of socially and environmentally destructive corporations, attempting to preserve and expand their markets or power by posing as friends of the environment. One of the groups leading the charge against greenwashing is Greenpeace. Corporations are falling all over themselves, reports the group, to demonstrate that they are environmentally conscious. The average citizen is finding it more and more difficult to tell the difference between those companies genuinely dedicated to making a difference and those that are using a green curtain to conceal dark motives. Greenpeace launched its Stop Greenwash campaign in 2009 to call out bad actors and help consumers make better choices. The most common greenwashing strategy, the group says, is when a company touts an environmental program or product while its core business is inherently polluting or unsustainable. Another involves what Greenpeace calls ad bluster: using targeted advertising or public relations to exaggerate a green achievement so as to divert attention from actual environmental problems or spending more money bragging about green behavior than on actual deeds. In some cases, companies may boast about corporate green commitments while lobbying behind the scenes against environmental laws. Greenpeace also urges vigilance about green claims that brag about something the law already requires: For example, if an industry or company has been forced to change a product, clean up its pollution or protect an endangered species, then uses Public Relations campaigns to make such action look proactive or voluntary. For consumers, the best way to avoid getting greenwashed is to be educated about who is truly green and who is just trying to look that way to make more money. Look beyond advertising claims, read ingredient lists or askemployees about the real information on their companys environmental commitment. Also, look for labels that show if a given offering has been inspected by a reliable third-party. For example, the U.S. Department of Agricultures Certified Organic label can only go on products that meet the federal governments organic standard. Just because a label says made with organic ingredients or all-natural does not mean the product qualifies as Certified Organic, so be sure to look beyond the hype. (www.scientificamerican.com. Adaptado.) According to the text, Greenpeace

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 1a fase) O humor da tira decorre

(UNESP - 2014 - 1 FASE) Leia o texto para responder questo How can consumers find out if a corporation is greenwashing environmentally unsavory practices? June 29, 2013 In essence, greenwashing involves falsely conveying to consumers that a given product, service, company or institution factors environmental responsibility into its offerings and/or operations. CorpWatch, a non-profit organization dedicated to keeping tabs on the social responsibility (or lack thereof) of U.S.-based companies, characterizes greenwashing as the phenomena of socially and environmentally destructive corporations, attempting to preserve and expand their markets or power by posing as friends of the environment. One of the groups leading the charge against greenwashing is Greenpeace. Corporations are falling all over themselves, reports the group, to demonstrate that they are environmentally conscious. The average citizen is finding it more and more difficult to tell the difference between those companies genuinely dedicated to making a difference and those that are using a green curtain to conceal dark motives. Greenpeace launched its Stop Greenwash campaign in 2009 to call out bad actors and help consumers make better choices. The most common greenwashing strategy, the group says, is when a company touts an environmental program or product while its core business is inherently polluting or unsustainable. Another involves what Greenpeace calls ad bluster: using targeted advertising or public relations to exaggerate a green achievement so as to divert attention from actual environmental problems or spending more money bragging about green behavior than on actual deeds. In some cases, companies may boast about corporate green commitments while lobbying behind the scenes against environmental laws. Greenpeace also urges vigilance about green claims that brag about something the law already requires: For example, if an industry or company has been forced to change a product, clean up its pollution or protect an endangered species, then uses Public Relations campaigns to make such action look proactive or voluntary. For consumers, the best way to avoid getting greenwashed is to be educated about who is truly green and who is just trying to look that way to make more money. Look beyond advertising claims, read ingredient lists or askemployees about the real information on their companys environmental commitment. Also, look for labels that show if a given offering has been inspected by a reliable third-party. For example, the U.S. Department of Agricultures Certified Organic label can only go on products that meet the federal governments organic standard. Just because a label says made with organic ingredients or all-natural does not mean the product qualifies as Certified Organic, so be sure to look beyond the hype. (www.scientificamerican.com. Adaptado.) Segundo o texto, uma das estratgias usadas pelas empresas para praticargreenwashing

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 1a fase) Ask a mayor of a developing country city about his or her most pressing problems, and solid waste management generally will be high on the list. For many cities, solid waste management is their single largest budget item and largest employer. It is also a critical matter of public health, environmental quality, quality of life, and economic development. A city that cannot effectively manage its waste is rarely able to manage more complex services such as health, education or transportation. And no one wants to live in a city surrounded by garbage. As the world urbanizes, the situation is becoming more acute. More people mean more garbage, especially in fastgrowing cities where the bulk of waste is generated. We estimate that cities currently generate roughly 1.3 billion tonnes of solid waste per year; with current urbanization trends, this figure will grow to 2.2 billion tonnes per year by 2025 an increase of 70 percent. Managing waste will also become more expensive. Expenditures that today total $205 billion will grow to $375 billion. The cost impacts will be most severe in low income countries already struggling to meet basic social and infrastructure needs, particularly for their poorest residents. Because it is such a major issue, waste management also represents a great opportunity for cities. Managed well, solid waste management practices can reduce greenhouse gas emission levels in a city, including short-lived climate pollutants that are far more potent than carbon dioxide. A citys ability to keep solid waste out of drainage ditches can also influence whether a neighborhood floods after a heavy storm. (www.worldbank.org. Adaptado.) Segundo o texto, a gesto de resduos slidos

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 1a fase) Ask a mayor of a developing country city about his or her most pressing problems, and solid waste management generally will be high on the list. For many cities, solid waste management is their single largest budget item and largest employer. It is also a critical matter of public health, environmental quality, quality of life, and economic development. A city that cannot effectively manage its waste is rarely able to manage more complex services such as health, education or transportation. And no one wants to live in a city surrounded by garbage. As the world urbanizes, the situation is becoming more acute. More people mean more garbage, especially in fastgrowing cities where the bulk of waste is generated. We estimate that cities currently generate roughly 1.3 billion tonnes of solid waste per year; with current urbanization trends, this figure will grow to 2.2 billion tonnes per year by 2025 an increase of 70 percent. Managing waste will also become more expensive. Expenditures that today total $205 billion will grow to $375 billion. The cost impacts will be most severe in low income countries already struggling to meet basic social and infrastructure needs, particularly for their poorest residents. Because it is such a major issue, waste management also represents a great opportunity for cities. Managed well, solid waste management practices can reduce greenhouse gas emission levels in a city, including short-lived climate pollutants that are far more potent than carbon dioxide. A citys ability to keep solid waste out of drainage ditches can also influence whether a neighborhood floods after a heavy storm. (www.worldbank.org. Adaptado.) De acordo com o texto, o aumento na produo de resduos slidos ocorre, principalmente, devido

(UNESP - 2014 - 1 FASE) Leia o texto para responder questo How can consumers find out if a corporation is greenwashing environmentally unsavory practices? June 29, 2013 In essence, greenwashing involves falsely conveying to consumers that a given product, service, company or institution factors environmental responsibility into its offerings and/or operations. CorpWatch, a non-profit organization dedicated to keeping tabs on the social responsibility (or lack thereof) of U.S.-based companies, characterizes greenwashing as the phenomena of socially and environmentally destructive corporations, attempting to preserve and expand their markets or power by posing as friends of the environment. One of the groups leading the charge against greenwashing is Greenpeace. Corporations are falling all over themselves, reports the group, to demonstrate that they are environmentally conscious. The average citizen is finding it more and more difficult to tell the difference between those companies genuinely dedicated to making a difference and those that are using a green curtain to conceal dark motives. Greenpeace launched its Stop Greenwash campaign in 2009 to call out bad actors and help consumers make better choices. The most common greenwashing strategy, the group says, is when a company touts an environmental program or product while its core business is inherently polluting or unsustainable. Another involves what Greenpeace calls ad bluster: using targeted advertising or public relations to exaggerate a green achievement so as to divert attention from actual environmental problems or spending more money bragging about green behavior than on actual deeds. In some cases, companies may boast about corporate green commitments while lobbying behind the scenes against environmental laws. Greenpeace also urges vigilance about green claims that brag about something the law already requires: For example, if an industry or company has been forced to change a product, clean up its pollution or protect an endangered species, then uses Public Relations campaigns to make such action look proactive or voluntary. For consumers, the best way to avoid getting greenwashed is to be educated about who is truly green and who is just trying to look that way to make more money. Look beyond advertising claims, read ingredient lists or askemployees about the real information on their companys environmental commitment. Also, look for labels that show if a given offering has been inspected by a reliable third-party. For example, the U.S. Department of Agricultures Certified Organic label can only go on products that meet the federal governments organic standard. Just because a label says made with organic ingredients or all-natural does not mean the product qualifies as Certified Organic, so be sure to look beyond the hype. (www.scientificamerican.com. Adaptado.) No trecho do quarto pargrafo -Another involves what Greenpeace calls ad bluster -, a palavraanother refere-se a

(UNESP - 2014 - 1 FASE) Leia o texto para responder questo How can consumers find out if a corporation is greenwashing environmentally unsavory practices? June 29, 2013 In essence, greenwashing involves falsely conveying to consumers that a given product, service, company or institution factors environmental responsibility into its offerings and/or operations. CorpWatch, a non-profit organization dedicated to keeping tabs on the social responsibility (or lack thereof) of U.S.-based companies, characterizes greenwashing as the phenomena of socially and environmentally destructive corporations, attempting to preserve and expand their markets or power by posing as friends of the environment. One of the groups leading the charge against greenwashing is Greenpeace. Corporations are falling all over themselves, reports the group, to demonstrate that they are environmentally conscious. The average citizen is finding it more and more difficult to tell the difference between those companies genuinely dedicated to making a difference and those that are using a green curtain to conceal dark motives. Greenpeace launched its Stop Greenwash campaign in 2009 to call out bad actors and help consumers make better choices. The most common greenwashing strategy, the group says, is when a company touts an environmental program or product while its core business is inherently polluting or unsustainable. Another involves what Greenpeace calls ad bluster: using targeted advertising or public relations to exaggerate a green achievement so as to divert attention from actual environmental problems or spending more money bragging about green behavior than on actual deeds. In some cases, companies may boast about corporate green commitments while lobbying behind the scenes against environmental laws. Greenpeace also urges vigilance about green claims that brag about something the law already requires: For example, if an industry or company has been forced to change a product, clean up its pollution or protect an endangered species, then uses Public Relations campaigns to make such action look proactive or voluntary. For consumers, the best way to avoid getting greenwashed is to be educated about who is truly green and who is just trying to look that way to make more money. Look beyond advertising claims, read ingredient lists or askemployees about the real information on their companys environmental commitment. Also, look for labels that show if a given offering has been inspected by a reliable third-party. For example, the U.S. Department of Agricultures Certified Organic label can only go on products that meet the federal governments organic standard. Just because a label says made with organic ingredients or all-natural does not mean the product qualifies as Certified Organic, so be sure to look beyond the hype. (www.scientificamerican.com. Adaptado.) No trecho do quarto pargrafo -to exaggerate a green achievement so as to divert attention -,a expressoso asequivale, em portugus, a

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 1a fase) Ask a mayor of a developing country city about his or her most pressing problems, and solid waste management generally will be high on the list. For many cities, solid waste management is their single largest budget item and largest employer. It is also a critical matter of public health, environmental quality, quality of life, and economic development. A city that cannot effectively manage its waste is rarely able to manage more complex services such as health, education or transportation. And no one wants to live in a city surrounded by garbage. As the world urbanizes, the situation is becoming more acute. More people mean more garbage, especially in fastgrowing cities where the bulk of waste is generated. We estimate that cities currently generate roughly 1.3 billion tonnes of solid waste per year; with current urbanization trends, this figure will grow to 2.2 billion tonnes per year by 2025 an increase of 70 percent. Managing waste will also become more expensive. Expenditures that today total $205 billion will grow to $375 billion. The cost impacts will be most severe in low income countries already struggling to meet basic social and infrastructure needs, particularly for their poorest residents. Because it is such a major issue, waste management also represents a great opportunity for cities. Managed well, solid waste management practices can reduce greenhouse gas emission levels in a city, including short-lived climate pollutants that are far more potent than carbon dioxide. A citys ability to keep solid waste out of drainage ditches can also influence whether a neighborhood floods after a heavy storm. (www.worldbank.org. Adaptado.) No trecho do terceiro pargrafo this figure will grow , a palavra figure refere-se, no texto, a