(UNICAMP - 2022 - 2 fase) Leia o texto a seguir e

(UNICAMP - 2022 - 2ª fase) Leia o texto a seguir e responda, em português, às perguntas.

The Genocide Convention was the first human rights treaty adopted by the United Nations in December 1948 and marked the international community’s commitment to ‘never again’ after the atrocities committed during the Second World War. According to the document, genocide is a crime that can take place both in time of war as well as in time of peace. According to Article II of the Convention, “genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such:

• Killing members of the group;
• Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group;
• Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction;
• Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group;
• Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.”

(Adaptado de https://www.un.org/en/genocideprevention/genocide-convention.shtml. Acessado em 17/09/2021.)

a) Por que a adoção do documento é significativa para a história? Cite e explique o acontecimento histórico que levou à criação desse documento.

b) Além do assassinato de membros de um grupo específico, cite outro ato que, segundo o Artigo II da convenção, caracteriza o genocídio. Em seguida, cite e contextualize um crime de genocídio – ocorrido após a adoção da Convenção – oficialmente reconhecido pela ONU.