(ITA - 2011- 1 FASE)Our Imaginary, Hotter SelvesAv
(ITA - 2011 - 1ª FASE)
Our Imaginary, Hotter Selves
Avatars might serve therapeutic purposes, helping those with social phobia become more confident.
by Sharon Begley
Anyone who has ever had a bad hair day, when looking like a latter-day Medusa makes you feel cranky and antisocial and plodding, can sympathize with the Oakland Raiders - and not because the players get helmet hair. The Raiders alternated between mostly black and mostly white uniforms, 10depending on whether they were playing at home or away. 11Knowing that appearance affects people’s mood and outlook, psychologists wondered whether uniform color influenced the Raiders’ aggressiveness.
12Using data from the 1970s and 1980s, 1they found that the team racked up way more penalty yards – 6a measure of aggression – when 2they wore black than when they wore white, for infractions both minor 7(encroachment) and major 8(roughing the kicker). The pattern held even when the scientists took into account different conditions and styles of play at home and away. 13But while the 1988 finding has become a classic in psychology, the explanation remains controversial. Do referees, because of black’s cultural baggage, see black-clad players as meaner and badder than 3those in, say, baby blue? Or does wearing black make players see themselves as tougher and meaner – and therefore 4cause them to play that way?
Jeremy Bailenson and Nick Yee of Stanford University had this and other classic studies in mind 14when they started wondering about the effect of being able to alter one’s appearance. They weren’t going to study wardrobe choices, however. 5Their quarry is avatars, 9digital representations of players in such games as Second Life. “Your physical appearance changes how people treat you,” says Bailenson. “But independent of that, when you perceive yourself in a certain way, you act differently.” He and Yee call it “the Proteus effect,” after the shape-changing Greek god. The effect of appearance on behavior, they find, carries over from the virtual world to the real one, with intriguing consequences. (...)
http://www.newsweek.com. Acesso em 5/6/2010.
Assinale a opção em que o termo em negrito apresenta função gramatical diferente das demais.
... depending on whether they were playing at home or away. (ref. 10)
Knowing that appearance affects people’s mood and outlook,... (ref. 11)
Using data from the 1970s and 1980s, they found that... (ref. 12)
But while the 1988 finding has become a classic in psychology, ... (ref. 13)
... when they started wondering about the effect of being able to alter... (ref. 14)
