Questões de Inglês - UFU 2015 | Gabarito e resoluções

(UFU - 2015 - 2aFASE) Worlds Largest elescope Faces pposition from Native Hawaiian Protesters By Katie Worth The broad-shouldered summit of Mauna Kea holds many meanings for many people: For astronomers, its a high-altitude playground of stars, among the best places on Earth to explore the firmament with minimal atmospheric distortion. For environmentalists, its a sky island ecosystem that hosts rare and altitude-sensitive species, including the wekiu bug found nowhere else in the world. For Hawaiian spiritual practitioners, it is the home of gods, the most holy place on Hawaiis big island. As vast as its expanses of ice and lava are, Mauna Kea has not proved sizable enough to accommodate the desires of all three groups. The dormant volcano has become a battleground between astronomers, who have placed 13 telescopes at its summit and now wish to build one more, and Hawaiian cultural and environmental activists who believe the stargazing science has already had too much impact on the 4,205-meterhigh mountain. Two lawsuits are in motion over the California Institute of Technology and the University of Californias proposal to build the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT); in October activists shut down the projects groundbreaking in a protest that made headlines worldwide. So far, courts have ruled in favor of the telescope and construction has recently begun. Activists have appealed and say they will continue to protest. For astronomers, the proposed new telescope represents tremendous promise: With a mirror nearly three times larger than any other on Earth, it could detect signs of life in other solar systems and provide clues to the origins of the universe. But for some Hawaiians, it represents the ongoing desecration of a sacred place. Disponvel no site: http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/world-s-largest-telescopefaces-opposition-from-native-hawaiian-protesters/. Acesso em 21 fev. 2015. RESPONDA A QUESTO EM INGLS. RESPOSTAS EM PORTUGUS NO SERO ACEITAS. Based on the text about Worlds Largest Telescope, answer the following questions: A) What benefits can the construction of the new telescope provide? B) Why is there opposition against the construction of the new telescope?

(UFU - 2015 - 2aFASE) What Do All Babies Need, Yet Arent Getting Equally? By Melissa Fay Greene () any low-income American children are suffering from a shortage of words songs, nursery rhymes, storybooks, chitchat, everyday stuff. How can that be? All parents issue directives Time for your bath or Lets put on your jammies. n low-income families, where parents often have had less education and limited access to parenting guidance, that‟s usually the end of it; while in wealthier families, directives are only a small part of an ongoing conversation. Lets put on your jammies. Your jammies are so soft! What color are these jammies? Theyre yellow. And look at these little animals on your jammies. What are those? Those are ducks! Quack, quack, quack,say the ducks!All that babbling isnt silliness; its mindbuilding. Words streaming from radio or television, or from parents or caregivers chatting on cell phones, are of no benefit, however a finding that merits attention from all parents. In many low-income families, warm and loving parents may struggle desperately to provide all the other basics, without a clue that their relative silence and the lack of bedtime stories, picture books, and lullabies hurts the babies. Beginning in the 1990s, researchers at Rice and Columbia Universities reported eye-opening findings about how many more words middle-class and affluent kids hear day in and out. Using interview techniques and tracking devices including word pedometers, theyve determined that well-off children hear 30 million more words in the first three years of life. The deficit has astounding and bitter consequences. More than any other strand in the lives of poor children, the 30-million-word gap has been linked to poor school performance, a failure to learn to read, a failure to graduate from high school, and an inability to prepare for and to enjoy career success. Disponvel em http://www.rd.com/advice/parenting/babies-need-words/ RESPONDA A QUESTO EM INGLS. RESPOSTAS EM PORTUGUS NO SERO ACEITAS. A) According to the text, what can be said about low-income American children and those from wealthy families concerning the exposure to words? B) What are the consequences of the results of the research reported in the text for low-income American children?

(UFU - 2015 - 2aFASE) Meet Hello Barbie: A Wi-Fi Doll That Talks to Children By Lauren Walker Barbie is getting a digital makeover In partnership with a San Francisco-based startup, ToyTalk, Mattel has developed a Wi-Fi-connected Barbie thats able to have two-way conversations, play interactive games, tell stories and joke around. The companies unveiled their prototype, called Hello Barbie, at the New York Toy Fair on February 14. Hello Barbie is expected to hit the market later this year and retail for $74.99. Children are able to interact with the doll through a microphone and speaker located on Barbies trendy necklace. Rechargeable batteries in her legs allow the doll to play for roughly an hour before she needs to be recharged. Hello Barbie also comes equipped with a hold-to-talk button on her belt buckle to make sure shes responding only to the childs commands. ToyTalk gives parents many controls over their childs interactions with the doll. For instance, parents choose which topics they dont want their kids discussing, and Barbie will gracefully switch the conversation away from them. At any time, privacy-minded parents can also opt to have their childs information deleted from ToyTalks databases. Disponvel no site: http://www.newsweek.com/meet-hello-barbie-wi-fi-doll-talks-children307482. Acesso em 18 fev. 2015 (adaptado). RESPONDA A QUESTO EM PORTUGUS. RESPOSTAS EM INGLS NO SERO ACEITAS. Based on the text, which presents the launching of a prototype called Hello Barbie at the New York Toy Fair, explain: A) how the operating mechanism of the doll works. B) how ToyTalk will grant parentsautonomy to control their childrens interaction with the doll.

(UFU - 2015 - 2aFASE) What Happens When Scientists Experiment on Themselves? By Regina Nuzzo Methodical minds apparently share a compulsive need to discover the truth personal comfort be damned. When Sir Isaac Newton had a theory about how the eye perceives color, he tested it by sticking a darning needle into the back of his eye socket and poking around until he saw colored circles. German Nobel Prize winner Werner Forssmann performed the first cardiac catheterization surgery on himself. As a young doctor in Australia in the 1980s, Barry Marshall was convinced that stomach ulcers were caused not by stress or spicy food but by bacteria. To prove his point to the skeptical medical establishment, Marshall gulped down a cup of cloudy broth teeming with helicobacter pylori bacteria. Within a week, he was vomiting daily. Tests showed that his stomach lining was inflamed, which indicated an ulcer could be developing. After a round of antibiotics (his wife insisted he stop the experiment early), the infection disappeared. Today, ulcers are routinely treated with antibiotics, and in 2005 Marshall shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work. Disponvel em http://www.rd.com/health/healthcare/scientists-self-experiment/ RESPONDA A QUESTO EM PORTUGUS. RESPOSTAS EM INGLS NO SERO ACEITAS. A) Why does the author present the examples of Isaac Newton and Werner Forssmann in the text? B) Is the statement Barry Marshall shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology in 2005 because he discovered antibiotics against helicobacter pylori bacteria which had infected his wife right or wrong? Justify your answer.

(UFU - 2015 - 1 FASE) Feds Settle Over Fake Facebook Profile Used in Drug Case By Lauren Walker A DEA agent created a fake Facebook profile in a womans name using the contents from her seized cellphone. The Justice Department reached a $134,000 settlement with a woman in upstate New York on Tuesday after the Drug Enforcement Administration used information from her cellphone to create a fake Facebook page in her name in an attempt to nab an alleged drug ring. The settlement comes more than a year after the woman, Sondra Arquiett, sued the Justice Department saying the DEA had caused ―fear and great emotional distress‖ by creating the fake account. The government initially defended the agency, saying that Arquiett implicitly consented to the page by ―granting access to the information stored in her cellphone and by consenting to the use of that information to aid in ... ongoing criminal investigations.‖ But as the case attracted widespread media attention over privacy concerns, the Justice Department decided to review the case. The drama began in 2010 when the authorities arrested Arquiett and seized her cellphone as part of a drug bust. Arquiett later pleaded guilty to a conspiracy to distribute cocaine, and a judge eventually sentenced her six weeks of time already served, in addition to a period of home detention and five years probation. But as Arquiett was awaiting trial, DEA Special Agent Timothy Sinnigen used information taken from her cellphone and created a fake Facebook page. He then used this fake account to gather information about an alleged drug ring. In 2013 Arquiett sued the agency, claiming the page endangered her well being as it ―initiate[d] contact with dangerous individuals,‖ such as sending a friend request to a fugitive, and made it appear as if she was cooperating with a federal investigation. Disponvel no site: http://www.newsweek.com/feds-settle-over-fake-facebook-profile-used-drug-case-301096. Aceso em 25 jan. 2015 (adaptado). De acordo com o texto, Sondra Arquiett decidiu processar o Departamento de Justia dos Estados Unidos, porque

(UFU - 2015 - 1 FASE) Drug-Resistant Super Bacteria Reportedly Found in Rios Olympic Water By Lucy Westcott A man sits on a deck over the Rio Carioca, near Guanabara Bay in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Dec. 16, 2014. Windsurfers and sailors beware: Drug-resistant ―super bacteria‖ have been found by researchers in the same waters off Rio de Janeiro where many water-sports events are scheduled to take place during the Summer Olympic Games in July 2016. Researchers at Brazils Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, a scientific research center, discovered the bacteria in samples collected from three locations, including Rios Flamengo Beach, popular among swimmers, and the Rio Carioca, a river that runs into the Guanabara Bay, where sailing and windsurfing events will take place, Reuters reports Rios residents have been told to exercise caution when swimming off Flamengo Beach, another area studied by researchers that is ―frequently declared unfit for swimming,‖ the BBC reports, although most people ignore the warning. As part of their Olympic bid, Rio agreed to clean Guanabara Bay by up to 80 percent, although the citys Mayor Eduardo Paes has said that target would not be met. Ana Paula DAlincourt Carvalho Assef, coordinator of the study, said the bacteria has potential to cause infections that could result in hospitalization. So far, there have been no recorded infections from the contaminated waters. Since the super-bacteria are resistant to the most modern medications, doctors need to rely on drugs that are rarely used because they are toxic to the organism, she told the Associated Press. Disponvel no site:http://www.newsweek.com/drug-resistant-super-bacteria-reportedly-lurking-rios-olympic-waters-292582 . Acesso em 25 jan. de 2015 (fragmento) Em relao bactria mencionada no texto, correto afirmar que ela representa I. uma ameaa para os Jogos Olmpicos de 2016. II. um avano nas pesquisas do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. III. um risco para surfistas e banhistas do Rio de Janeiro. IV. um motivo de pnico para os moradores do Rio de Janeiro. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta apenas afirmativas corretas.

(UFU - 2015 - 1 FASE) Snowden on Cyberwar: America Is Its Own Worst Enemy By Lauren Walker A hand is silhouetted in front of a computer screen. After a year punctuated by hacks and data breaches, most notably a cyberattack against Sony, President Barack Obama used part of his State of the Union address on Tuesday to mention the growing threat to cybersecurity. ―No foreign nation, no hacker, should be able to shut down our networks, steal our trade secrets or invade the privacy of American families, especially our kids,‖ he said. The presidents speech came a week after the White House outlined a cybersecurity policy proposal that calls for more information sharing between the private sector and government, an increase in penalties for hacking and an update in the standards for when companies have to report that their customers data has been compromised. Disponvel no site: http://www.newsweek.com/snowden-cyber-war-america-its-own-worst-enemy301175. Acesso em 25 jan. 2015 (fragmento). Based on the text, it is possible to state that, concerning cybersecurity, the US Government, now, I. wants their network operating system to be terminated. II. worries about the security of American families privacy. III. needs the exchange of information with the private sector. IV. requires customers to be more committed to security issues. V. demands some more security measurements against hacking. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta apenas as afirmativas corretas.

(UFU - 2015 - 1 FASE) Scientists Figure Out How to Unboil an Egg By Zo Schlanger Chemistry major Stephan Kudlacek is part of the team that has developed a way of unboiling a hen egg. Scientists at the University of California Irvine have developed a way to unboil egg whites by ―untangling‖ their proteins, a development that has the potential to significantly reduce costs for any biotechnology process that requires the folding of proteins. Yes, we have invented a way to unboil a hen egg,‖ UCI biochemistry professor Gregory Weiss said in a statement. ―We start with egg whites boiled for 20 minutes at 90 degrees Celsius and return a key protein in the egg to working order. Proteins are the workhorses within human cells. They copy DNA, and make it possible for the body to read the DNA. The folding of proteins is key to several fields; industrial chemists use it to make chemical reactions possible, and the medical industry needs to fold proteins for therapeutic treatments of diseases such as cancer. Often, though, when scientists attempt to fold proteins, they come out as ―scrambled messes,Weiss says The process doesnt result in a gooey raw egg you would want to cook up and eat, because the egg white has been dissolved in other compounds. But one of the key proteins found in egg white is returned. Weiss and his team have filed for a patent, and are raising funds to scale up the process to meet the needs of biotech companies. If all goes well, the invention has the potential to save several industries a lot of headache, and money. Disponvel no site:http://www.newsweek.com/scientists-figure-out-how-unboil-egg-chemistry-301791 . Acesso em: 25 jan. 2015 (fragmento). After reading the text ―Scientists Figure Out How to Unboil an Egg‖, one can say that the main objective of the author was to

(UFU - 2015 - 1 FASE) The Case of the Sleepy Spy By Jeff Stein The lobby of the CIA Headquarters Building in McLean, Virginia in August 2008. The case of the sleepy spy is not over. Although a federal judge ruled in favor of the CIA this week in a discrimination suit brought by an employee who claimed he was harassed out of his job because of his narcolepsy and race, the AfricanAmerican man is back in court with another complaint. Jacob Abilt,the pseudonym for the CIA technical operations officer ― the bland description for someone who works in bugging, photo surveillance and similar clandestine operations--claimed in a February 2014 suit that his medical ailment, which causes him to fall into a deep sleep with little warning, and his race led his supervisors to treat him differently than they would a white employee. The CIA chose not to argue the case in court, but instead invoked the ―state secrets privilege ― a legal ploy that critics claim has been routinely used to cover up human rights and other abuses during the so-called war on terror ― claiming that ―Abilts case would expose classified information about the National Clandestine Service, a branch of the CIA which oversees foreign and counter intelligence affairs within the agency, according to Courthouse News, which first reported on the decision. According to the scant personnel information listed in his complaint, Abilt was hired in 2006 as an ―applications developer, and ―at or around the time plaintiff was hired, he informed his superiors of his disability narcolepsy.‖ The CIA and Abilt worked out a plan that accommodated his forced naps, his suit suggests, which included making up for time lost in deep sleep. Disponvel no site: http://www.newsweek.com/cia-narcolepsy-race-african-american-lawsuit308494. Acesso em 22 fevf. 2015 (fragmento). According to the text about The Case of the Sleepy Spy, it is correct to say that Jacob Abilt I. worked with secretly listening to or recording conversations using a hidden electronic device. II. was fired because he unveiled classified information about the National Clandestine Service III. sued the CIA because he felt discriminated due to his disease and to his race. IV. disregarded the agreement he made with the CIA to compensate for the working hours he missed. V. omitted information about his disability narcolepsy when he was first hired by the CIA. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta apenas afirmativas corretas.

(UFU - 2015 - 1 FASE) Tattoo Regret? A Topical Removal Cream May Help By Paula Mejia Tats all, folks: A Ph.D. student has developed a cream that targets cells, not pigments, to get rid of unwanted ink. Hannibal Hanschke/Reuters Today, before getting inked, one must have a serious think so as to avoid tattoo remorse. In the future, though, you may not have to worry about laser removal, or surgery, or a touch-up tattoo for those inky regrets anymore, though. Alec Falkenham, a Ph.D. candidate at Halifax, Nova Scotias Dalhousie University, has developed a painless tattoo removal cream that causes tats to gradually fade away. The application of the cream, which he hopes will eventually become commercially available, involves none of the inflammation, redness, blistering or scarring side effects that traditional tattoo removal procedures can have, either. He believes the procedure might even be antiinflammatory. All you have to do is apply the topical cream to your skin. Unlike lasers, which target the pigments in tattoos, the Bisphosphonate Liposomal Tattoo Removal (BLTR) cream targets macrophages, immune system cells that work to rid foreign agents from your body. When you tattoo your body, you are injecting ink deep into the dermisand the macrophages recognize tattoo ink as ―foreign‖ invaders. Some of these macrophages absorb the ink and then carry it to lymph nodes, where both cells and ink are destroyed. Em relao ao processo descrito no texto, para a remoo de tatuagens, correto afirmar que ele

(UFU - 2015 - 1 FASE) Is a Digital Gym Right for You? By Kelsey Kloss If you want: Personalized treatment If 80s-style group classes make you shudder, check app ($10 per month for unlimited classes). Youll access videos of an instructor leading you, not an entire class, through a workout, creating the sense of a highly personalized training session. Choose a class based on the trainer each is taught by one of eight Gym Box coaches, who cover details like what your posture should look like and how your muscles should feel throughout the session or your favorite exercises, which might include strength training, kickboxing, dance, step, extreme cardio, cycling, and even ―Easy Does It‖ (small weights, gentle core training). Disponvel em http://www.rd.com/slideshows/digital-gym/ De acordo com o texto, a Digital Gym

(UFU - 2015 - 1 FASE) Uk School Replaces Library Cards For Kids With Fingerprint Scans By Clay Dillow We already know that biometrics could provide some useful new tools for identifying approaching threats or tracking people moving through crowds. But what about checking out books from a childrens library? A Manchester UK primary school is testing out just such a scheme, having children as young as four years old scan their fingerprints as ID for checking books in and out of the schools library. Not surprisingly, parents and privacy groups have a huge problem with childrens biometric data being so cataloged ― not to mention the precedent it sets. To check out a book, students swipe a bar code placed inside the book at a computer station, which then asks for them to press their thumb on a fingerprint scanner. Books are checked back into the library the same way: no library card or identification required. School officials say the fingerprints are converted to and saved as digital electronic codes that are recognized by the computer, so that no actual fingerprint images are kept on file or shared. Critics of the system, however, find the use of such biometric systems with children so young a breach of privacy and a dangerous overreach by authorities, conditioning children to treat their personal biometric information as something trivial. And its worth noting this isnt the first biometric identifying scheme hatched by UK schools; a fingerprint identifier introduced as part of a cashless school cafeteria system has previously drawn the ire of UK parents who dont like the idea of their kids being fingerprinted without permission. But the library system is purely voluntary, and parents are allowed to opt their kids in or out. () Disponvel em: http://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2010-06/uk According to the text I. Scanning fingerprints at primary schools has avoided theft of books at libraries. II. Teens had their fingerprints scanned as ID for checking books in and out of the library. III. This new way of checking books can be characterized as a card free system. IV. Fingerprints are kept safe by converting and saving them as digital eletronic codes. V. The biometric system has been criticized because it is the first experience in UK. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta apenas afirmativas corretas.

(UFU - 2015 - 1 FASE) Supermassive Black Hole Found Farting A Trillion Suns Worth Of Energy By Loren Grush At the center of any massive galaxy, youll most likely find one daunting portion of space-time: a supermassive black hole. These gigantic gravity wells are so enormous, they have a mass thats equal to millions or even billions of times the mass of our Sun. While extremely powerful, black holes can be relatively hard to study. But now researchers have accurately measured a substantial byproduct of supermassive black holes: winds that travel at more than 62,000 miles per second. Researchers have long theorized that when a black hole draws in matter with its large gravitational pull, the process produces huge x-ray-emitting wind gusts, which emanate from the hole and shoot out into the nearby galaxy. While this concept had been widely accepted in the scientific community, no one really knew what shape these winds took. Using NASAs Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array and the ESAs XMM-Newton telescope, researchers from Caltech and Keele University of England were able to measure the speed, shape, and size of the winds blasting out from PDS 456a super bright black hole located two billion light-years away. PDS 456 is a type of black hole known as a quasar, meaning it is extremely luminous. According to Emanuele Nardini, the lead author of the study, which published in Science, the winds are actually a result of the brightness surrounding the black hole. ―When the energy of the matter that is folding into the black hole is released, this energy is turned into heat, creating huge luminosity,‖ Nardini tells Popular Science. ―When this luminosity is high enough to counteract the black holes gravitational attraction (about 10 billion times that of the Sun), it can push wind gusts outward.‖ Disponvel em: http://www.popsci.com/telescopes-determine-shape-powerful-winds-birthed-blackholes Sobre os supermassive black holes, INCORRETO afirmar que

(UFU - 2015 - 1 FASE) World Health Organization Approves 15-Minute Ebola Detection Test By Lydia Ramsey Today, the World Health Organization gave the green light to doctors in West Africa to use the first ever rapid test for diagnosing the Ebola virus. Until now, the standard way to check for Ebola in the region was to use the nucleic acid test, which works by identifying the genetic materials of the virus from a blood sample. Yet the test requires a full lab to succeed, and it takes between 12 to 24 hours to process the results. In comparison, the ReEBOV Antigen Rapid Test gets the job done in 15 minutes by testing a patients blood for Ebolas antigen protein, which is distinguishable from other healthy proteins found in the body. The rapid test isnt as precise as the full lab test, but it can still identify 92 percent of people infected with Ebola and 85 percent of those without the infection. This way, the quick test can easily identify who should at least enter quarantine, thus putting a damper on potential flare-ups. However, WHO does recommend following up the rapid test with a regular one to better assess if a patient has the infection. As the epidemic dissipates, being able to clearly distinguish Ebola from other diseases with similar symptoms will be key. Over the next few years, animals may reintroduce the virus to humans, and it will be important for health care providers to quickly identify which diseases they are dealing with: Is it a routine case of malaria, or Ebola? With this test, theyll have a good idea before things get worse. Disponvel em: http://www.popsci.com/who-approves-15-minute-ebola-test Sobre o ReEBOV Antigen Test, correto afirmar que