Questões de Inglês - UNESP | Gabarito e resoluções

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 1) Examine os grficos e leia o texto para responder s questes de 21 a 27. Educated Americans live longer, as others die younger (Anne Case and Angus Deaton. Life expectancy in adulthood is falling for those without a BA degree, but as educational gaps have widened, racial gaps have narrowed. PNAS, 2021. Adaptado.) A 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to live almost a decade longer than a contemporary who dropped out of high school. Although researchers have long known that the rich live longer than the poor, this education gap is less well documented and is especially marked in rich countries. And whereas the average Americans expected span has been flat in recent years and, strikingly, even fell between 2015 and 2017 that of the one-third with a bachelors degree has continued to lengthen. This disparity in life expectancy is growing, according to new research published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Using data from nearly 50m death certificates filed between 1990 and 2018, Anne Case and Angus Deaton of Princeton University analysed differences in life expectancy by sex, race, ethnicity and education. They found that the lifespans of those with and without a bachelors degree started to diverge in the 1990s and 2000s. Thisgap grew even wider in the 2010s as the life expectancy of degree-holders continued to rise while that of other Americans got shorter. What is the link between schooling and longevity? Some argue that better-educated people develop healthier lifestyles: each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more, which in turn is associated with greater health. Ms Case and Mr Deaton argue that changes in labour markets, including the rise of automation and increased demand for highly-educated workers, coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care, have depressed the supply of well-paid jobs for those without a degree. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other deaths of despair. (www.economist.com,17.03.2021. Adaptado.) According to the third paragraph, better-educated people

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 1) Educated Americans live longer, as others die younger (Anne Case and Angus Deaton. Life expectancy in adulthood is falling for those without a BA degree, but as educational gaps have widened, racial gaps have narrowed. PNAS, 2021. Adaptado.) A 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to live almost a decade longer than a contemporary who dropped out of high school. Although researchers have long known that the rich live longer than the poor, this education gap is less well documented and is especially marked in rich countries. And whereas the average Americans expected span has been flat in recent years and, strikingly, even fell between 2015 and 2017 that of the one-third with a bachelors degree has continued to lengthen. This disparity in life expectancy is growing, according to new research published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Using data from nearly 50m death certificates filed between 1990 and 2018, Anne Case and Angus Deaton of Princeton University analysed differences in life expectancy by sex, race, ethnicity and education. They found that the lifespans of those with and without a bachelors degree started to diverge in the 1990s and 2000s. Thisgap grew even wider in the 2010s as the life expectancy of degree-holders continued to rise while that of other Americans got shorter. What is the link between schooling and longevity? Some argue that better-educated people develop healthier lifestyles: each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more, which in turn is associated with greater health. Ms Case and Mr Deaton argue that changes in labour markets, including the rise of automation and increased demand for highly-educated workers, coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care, have depressed the supply of well-paid jobs for those without a degree. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other deaths of despair. (www.economist.com,17.03.2021. Adaptado.) No trecho do terceiro pargrafo The better-educated earn more, which in turn is associated with, a expresso sublinhada equivale, em portugus, a

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 2) Leia o texto para responder s questes de 21 a 27. Water and Urbanization Urban areas are expected to absorb all of the worlds population growth over the next four decades, as well as accommodating significant rural-to-urban migration. The vast majority of these people will be living in overcrowded slums with inadequate, often non-existent, water and sanitation services. Safe drinking water systems and adequate sanitation that effectively disposes of human waste will be essential to ensure cities and towns grow sustainably. Extending these services to the millions of urbanites currently unserved will play a key role in underpinning the health and security of cities, protecting economies and ecosystems and minimising the risk of pandemics. For the first time in history, more than half of the global population live in towns and cities. By 2050, that proportion is expected to rise to two-thirds. Population growth is happening fastest in urban areas of less developed regions, with the urban population estimated to grow from 3.9 billion people today to 6.3 billion in 2050. Even though water and sanitation access rates are generally higher in urban areas than rural, planning and infrastructure have been unable to keep pace in many regions. Today, 700 million urbanites live without improved sanitation, contributing to poor health conditions and heavy pollution loads in wastewater, and 156 million live without improved water sources. However, cities provide significant opportunities for more integrated and sustainable water use and waste management. The positive impacts of these services, particularly for public health, spread rapidly and cost-effectively among densely populated unplanned settlements. Furthermore, more efficient use of water within cities and the safe reuse of more waste will put less strain on the surrounding ecosystems. (www.unwater.org. Adaptado.) No trecho do quarto pargrafo, Even though water and sanitation access rates are generally higher in urban areas, a expresso sublinhada pode ser substituda, sem alterao de sentido, por

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 2) No infogrfico, a recomendao para economizar gua que pode ser adotada imediatamente por todos e no implica custos adicionais

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 1) Examine os mapas que apresentam a mdia de anos de escolaridade para a populao de 25 anos ou mais, do ano 2000 e do ano 2017, para responder questo 28. Mean years of schooling, 2000 Mean years of schooling, 2017 (https://ourworldindata.org. Adapted.) After comparing both maps, one can say that:

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 1) (https://thebrickinthesky.wordpress.com) From the comic strip, one can say that

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 2) Leia o quadrinho para responder s questes 29 e 30. (www.thecomicstrips.com) O humor do quadrinho decorre

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 2) Leia o quadrinho para responder s questes 29 e 30. O personagem Frank representa

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 1) (https://thebrickinthesky.wordpress.com) No trecho do primeiro quadrinho I guess we should start it over again, o termo sublinhado pode ser substitudo, sem alterao de sentido, por

(UNESP - 2021- 1 fase - DIA 2) Examine a tira de Alex Culang e Raynato Castro. Para que a histria tivesse um desfecho favorvel garota, seria necessrio

(UNESP - 2021- 1 fase - DIA 2) Examine a anedota publicada pela comunidade The Language Nerds em sua conta no Facebook em 22.01.2020. A anedota sugere que

(UNESP - 2021 - 1 FASE) Examine o meme publicado pela comunidade The Language Nerds em sua conta no Instagram em 28.02.2020. Para se evitar o qualificativo de psicopata, seria aconselhvel seguir a recomendao do meme e inserir uma vrgula logo aps

(UNESP - 2021- 1 fase - DIA 2) Examine o cartum de Sofia Warren, publicado em sua conta no Instagram em 09.03.2020. Contribuem para o efeito de humor do cartum os seguintes recursos expressivos:

(UNESP - 2021 - 2 FASE) Leia o texto para responder a questo. Culture is language: why an indigenous tongue is thriving in Paraguay On a hillside monument in Asuncin, a statue of the mythologized indigenous chief Lambar stands alongside other great leaders from Paraguayan history. The other historical heroes on display are of mixed ancestry, but the idea of a noble indigenous heritage is strong in Paraguay, and uniquely in the Americas can be expressed by most of the countrys people in an indigenous language: Paraguayan Guaran. Guaran is our culture its where our roots are, said Tomasa Cabral, a market vendor in the city. Elsewhere in the Americas, European colonial languages are pushing native languages towards extinction, but Paraguayan Guaran a language descended from several indigenous tongues remains one of the main languages of 70% of the countrys population. And unlike other widely spoken native tongues such as Quechua, Aymara or the Mayan languages it is overwhelmingly spoken by non-indigenous people. Miguel Vern, a linguist and member of the Academy of the Guaran Language, said the language had survived partly because of the landlocked countrys geographic isolation and partly because of the linguistic loyalty of its people. The indigenous people refused to learn Spanish, he said. The imperial governors had to learn to speak Guaran. But while it remains under pressure from Spanish, Paraguayan Guaran is itself part of the threat looming over the countrys other indigenous languages. Paraguays 19 surviving indigenous groups each have their own tongue, but six of them are listed by Unesco as severely or critically endangered. The benefits of speaking the countrys two official languages were clear. Spanish remains the language of government, and Paraguayan Guaran is widely spoken in rural areas, where it is a key requisite for many jobs. But the value of maintaining other tongues was incalculable, said Alba Eiragi Duarte, a poet from the Ava Guaran people. Our culture is transmitted through our own language: culture is language. When we love our language, we love ourselves. (William Costa. www.theguardian.com, 03.09.2020. Adaptado.) The text is mainly about

(UNESP - 2021 - 2 FASE) Leia o texto para responder a questo. Culture is language: why an indigenous tongue is thriving in Paraguay On a hillside monument in Asuncin, a statue of the mythologized indigenous chief Lambar stands alongside other great leaders from Paraguayan history. The other historical heroes on display are of mixed ancestry, but the idea of a noble indigenous heritage is strong in Paraguay, and uniquely in the Americas can be expressed by most of the countrys people in an indigenous language: Paraguayan Guaran. Guaran is our culture its where our roots are, said Tomasa Cabral, a market vendor in the city. Elsewhere in the Americas, European colonial languages are pushing native languages towards extinction, but Paraguayan Guaran a language descended from several indigenous tongues remains one of the main languages of 70% of the countrys population. And unlike other widely spoken native tongues such as Quechua, Aymara or the Mayan languages it is overwhelmingly spoken by non-indigenous people. Miguel Vern, a linguist and member of the Academy of the Guaran Language, said the language had survived partly because of the landlocked countrys geographic isolation and partly because of the linguistic loyalty of its people. The indigenous people refused to learn Spanish, he said. The imperial governors had to learn to speak Guaran. But while it remains under pressure from Spanish, Paraguayan Guaran is itself part of the threat looming over the countrys other indigenous languages. Paraguays 19 surviving indigenous groups each have their own tongue, but six of them are listed by Unesco as severely or critically endangered. The benefits of speaking the countrys two official languages were clear. Spanish remains the language of government, and Paraguayan Guaran is widely spoken in rural areas, where it is a key requisite for many jobs. But the value of maintaining other tongues was incalculable, said Alba Eiragi Duarte, a poet from the Ava Guaran people. Our culture is transmitted through our own language: culture is language. When we love our language, we love ourselves. (William Costa. www.theguardian.com, 03.09.2020. Adaptado.) According to the text, the fact that 70% of Paraguayan population speak Guaran makes the language