Questões de Inglês - UNESP | Gabarito e resoluções

(UNESP - 2021 - 2 FASE) Leia o texto para responder a questo. Culture is language: why an indigenous tongue is thriving in Paraguay On a hillside monument in Asuncin, a statue of the mythologized indigenous chief Lambar stands alongside other great leaders from Paraguayan history. The other historical heroes on display are of mixed ancestry, but the idea of a noble indigenous heritage is strong in Paraguay, and uniquely in the Americas can be expressed by most of the countrys people in an indigenous language: Paraguayan Guaran. Guaran is our culture its where our roots are, said Tomasa Cabral, a market vendor in the city. Elsewhere in the Americas, European colonial languages are pushing native languages towards extinction, but Paraguayan Guaran a language descended from several indigenous tongues remains one of the main languages of 70% of the countrys population. And unlike other widely spoken native tongues such as Quechua, Aymara or the Mayan languages it is overwhelmingly spoken by non-indigenous people. Miguel Vern, a linguist and member of the Academy of the Guaran Language, said the language had survived partly because of the landlocked countrys geographic isolation and partly because of the linguistic loyalty of its people. The indigenous people refused to learn Spanish, he said. The imperial governors had to learn to speak Guaran. But while it remains under pressure from Spanish, Paraguayan Guaran is itself part of the threat looming over the countrys other indigenous languages. Paraguays 19 surviving indigenous groups each have their own tongue, but six of them are listed by Unesco as severely or critically endangered. The benefits of speaking the countrys two official languages were clear. Spanish remains the language of government, and Paraguayan Guaran is widely spoken in rural areas, where it is a key requisite for many jobs. But the value of maintaining other tongues was incalculable, said Alba Eiragi Duarte, a poet from the Ava Guaran people. Our culture is transmitted through our own language: culture is language. When we love our language, we love ourselves. (William Costa. www.theguardian.com, 03.09.2020. Adaptado.) No trecho do segundo pargrafo And unlike other widely spoken native tongues, o termo sublinhado expressa

(UNESP - 2021 - 2 FASE) Leia o texto para responder a questo. Culture is language: why an indigenous tongue is thriving in Paraguay On a hillside monument in Asuncin, a statue of the mythologized indigenous chief Lambar stands alongside other great leaders from Paraguayan history. The other historical heroes on display are of mixed ancestry, but the idea of a noble indigenous heritage is strong in Paraguay, and uniquely in the Americas can be expressed by most of the countrys people in an indigenous language: Paraguayan Guaran. Guaran is our culture its where our roots are, said Tomasa Cabral, a market vendor in the city. Elsewhere in the Americas, European colonial languages are pushing native languages towards extinction, but Paraguayan Guaran a language descended from several indigenous tongues remains one of the main languages of 70% of the countrys population. And unlike other widely spoken native tongues such as Quechua, Aymara or the Mayan languages it is overwhelmingly spoken by non-indigenous people. Miguel Vern, a linguist and member of the Academy of the Guaran Language, said the language had survived partly because of the landlocked countrys geographic isolation and partly because of the linguistic loyalty of its people. The indigenous people refused to learn Spanish, he said. The imperial governors had to learn to speak Guaran. But while it remains under pressure from Spanish, Paraguayan Guaran is itself part of the threat looming over the countrys other indigenous languages. Paraguays 19 surviving indigenous groups each have their own tongue, but six of them are listed by Unesco as severely or critically endangered. The benefits of speaking the countrys two official languages were clear. Spanish remains the language of government, and Paraguayan Guaran is widely spoken in rural areas, where it is a key requisite for many jobs. But the value of maintaining other tongues was incalculable, said Alba Eiragi Duarte, a poet from the Ava Guaran people. Our culture is transmitted through our own language: culture is language. When we love our language, we love ourselves. (William Costa. www.theguardian.com, 03.09.2020. Adaptado.) De acordo com o texto, um dos motivos da popularidade da lngua guarani no Paraguai deve-se

(UNESP - 2021 - 2 FASE) Leia o texto para responder a questo. Culture is language: why an indigenous tongue is thriving in Paraguay On a hillside monument in Asuncin, a statue of the mythologized indigenous chief Lambar stands alongside other great leaders from Paraguayan history. The other historical heroes on display are of mixed ancestry, but the idea of a noble indigenous heritage is strong in Paraguay, and uniquely in the Americas can be expressed by most of the countrys people in an indigenous language: Paraguayan Guaran. Guaran is our culture its where our roots are, said Tomasa Cabral, a market vendor in the city. Elsewhere in the Americas, European colonial languages are pushing native languages towards extinction, but Paraguayan Guaran a language descended from several indigenous tongues remains one of the main languages of 70% of the countrys population. And unlike other widely spoken native tongues such as Quechua, Aymara or the Mayan languages it is overwhelmingly spoken by non-indigenous people. Miguel Vern, a linguist and member of the Academy of the Guaran Language, said the language had survived partly because of the landlocked countrys geographic isolation and partly because of the linguistic loyalty of its people. The indigenous people refused to learn Spanish, he said. The imperial governors had to learn to speak Guaran. But while it remains under pressure from Spanish, Paraguayan Guaran is itself part of the threat looming over the countrys other indigenous languages. Paraguays 19 surviving indigenous groups each have their own tongue, but six of them are listed by Unesco as severely or critically endangered. The benefits of speaking the countrys two official languages were clear. Spanish remains the language of government, and Paraguayan Guaran is widely spoken in rural areas, where it is a key requisite for many jobs. But the value of maintaining other tongues was incalculable, said Alba Eiragi Duarte, a poet from the Ava Guaran people. Our culture is transmitted through our own language: culture is language. When we love our language, we love ourselves. (William Costa. www.theguardian.com, 03.09.2020. Adaptado.) The excerpt from the third paragraph But while it remains under pressure from Spanish, Paraguayan Guaran is itself part of the threat looming over the countrys other indigenous languages means that Paraguayan Guaran

(UNESP - 2021 - 2 FASE) Leia o texto e examine o mapa. The UN Atlas of Endangered Languages lists 18 languages with only one remaining speaker in 2010. With about one language disappearing every two weeks, some of these have probably already died off. 1. Apiaka is spoken by the indigenous people of the same name who live in the northern state of Mato Grosso in Brazil. The critically endangered language belongs to the Tupi language family. As of 2007, there was one remaining speaker. 2. Bikya is spoken in the North-West Region of Cameroon, in western Africa. The last record of a speaker was in 1986, meaning the language could now be extinct. 3. Chana is spoken in Parana, the capital Argentinas province of Entre Rios. As of 2008, there was only one speaker. 4. Dampal is spoken in Indonesia, near Bangkir. Unesco reported that there was one speaker as of 2000. 5. Diahoi is spoken in Brazil. Those who speak it live on the indigenous lands Diahui, Middle Madeira river, Southern Amazonas State, Municipality of Humaita. As of 2006, there was one speaker left. 6. Kaixana is a language of Brazil. As of 2008, the sole remaining speaker was believed to be 78-year-old Raimundo Avelino, who lives in Limoeiro in the Japura municipality in the state of Amazonas. 7. Laua is spoken in the Central Province of Papua New Guinea. It is part of the Mailuan language group and is nearly extinct, with one speaker documented in 2000. 8. Patwin is a Native American language spoken in the western US. Descendants live outside San Francisco in Cortina and Colusa, California. There was one fluent speaker documented as of 1997. 9. Pazeh is spoken by Taiwans indigenous tribe of the same name. Mrs. Pan Jin Yu, 95, was the sole known speaker as of 2008. (www.csmonitor.com. Adaptado.) De acordo com o texto e o mapa,

(UNESP - 2021 - 2 FASE) Leia a tira Calvin e Haroldo, de Bill Watterson. No ltimo quadrinho, a fala de Calvin revela que ele

(UNESP - 2021 - 2 FASE) Leia a tira. A expresso laugh your head off equivale, em portugus, a

(UNESP - 2021 - 1 FASE) Leia o texto para responder s questes de 21 a 23. Education for Sustainable Development Projects from Botswana, Brazil and Germany win UNESCO-Japan prize on Education for Sustainable Development. With a world population of 7 billion people and limited natural resources, we, as individuals and societies, need to learn to live together sustainably. We need to take action responsibly based on the understanding that what we do today can have implications on the lives of people and the planet in future. Education for Sustainable Development empowers people to change the way they think and work towards a sustainable future. UNESCO aims to improve access to quality education on sustainable development at all levels and in all social contexts, to transform society by reorienting education and help people develop knowledge, skills, values and behaviours needed for sustainable development. It is about including sustainable development issues, such as climate change and biodiversity into teaching and learning. Individuals are encouraged to be responsible actors who resolve challenges, respect cultural diversity and contribute to creating a more sustainable world. (https://en.unesco.org. Adaptado.) According to the first paragraph, it is important to promote a sustainable development because

(UNESP - 2021- 1 fase - DIA 2) Leia o texto para responder s questes de 21 a 24. When will the Amazon hit a tipping point? Scientists say climate change, deforestation and fires could cause the worlds largest rainforest to dry out. The big question is how soon that might happen. Seen from a monitoring tower above the treetops near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon, the rainforest canopy stretches to the horizon as an endless sea of green. It looks like a rich and healthy ecosystem, but appearances are deceiving. This rainforest which holds 16,000 separate tree species is slowly drying out. Over the past century, the average temperature in the forest has risen by 1-1.5 o C. In some parts, the dry season has expanded during the past 50 years, from four months to almost five. Severe droughts have hit three times since 2005. Thats all driving a shift in vegetation. In 2018, a study reported that trees that do best in moist conditions, such as tropical legumes from the genus Inga, are dying. Those adapted to drier climes, such as the Brazil nut tree (Bertholletia excelsa), are thriving. At the same time, large parts of the Amazon, the worlds largest rainforest, are being cut down and burnt. Tree clearing has already shrunk the forest by around 15% from its 1970s extent of more than 6 million square kilometres; in Brazil, which contains more than half the forest, more than 19% has disappeared. Last year, deforestation in Brazil spiked by around 30% to almost 10,000 km2 , the largest loss in a decade. And in August 2019, videos of wildfires in the Amazon made international headlines. The number of fires that month was the highest for any August since an extreme drought in 2010. (www.nature.com, 25.02.2020. Adaptado.) According to the first paragraph, the Amazon rainforest

(UNESP - 2021 - 1 FASE) Leia o texto para responder s questes de 21 a 23. Education for Sustainable Development Projects from Botswana, Brazil and Germany win UNESCO-Japan prize on Education for Sustainable Development. With a world population of 7 billion people and limited natural resources, we, as individuals and societies, need to learn to live together sustainably. We need to take action responsibly based on the understanding that what we do today can have implications on the lives of people and the planet in future. Education for Sustainable Development empowers people to change the way they think and work towards a sustainable future. UNESCO aims to improve access to quality education on sustainable development at all levels and in all social contexts, to transform society by reorienting education and help people develop knowledge, skills, values and behaviours needed for sustainable development. It is about including sustainable development issues, such as climate change and biodiversity into teaching and learning. Individuals are encouraged to be responsible actors who resolve challenges, respect cultural diversity and contribute to creating a more sustainable world. (https://en.unesco.org. Adaptado.) According to the second paragraph, one of sustainable development initiatives to be tackled by education should be to

(UNESP - 2021- 1 fase - DIA 2) Leia o texto para responder s questes de21a24. When will the Amazon hit a tipping point? Scientists say climate change, deforestation and fires could cause the worlds largest rainforest to dry out. The big question is how soon that might happen. Seen from a monitoring tower above the treetops near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon, the rainforest canopy stretches to the horizon as an endless sea of green. It looks like a rich and healthy ecosystem, but appearances are deceiving. This rainforest which holds 16,000 separate tree species is slowly drying out. Over the past century, the average temperature in the forest has risen by 1-1.5 o C. In some parts, the dry season has expanded during the past 50 years, from four months to almost five. Severe droughts have hit three times since 2005. Thats all driving a shift in vegetation. In 2018, a study reported that trees that do best in moist conditions, such as tropical legumes from the genus Inga, are dying. Those adapted to drier climes, such as the Brazil nut tree (Bertholletia excelsa), are thriving. At the same time, large parts of the Amazon, the worlds largest rainforest, are being cut down and burnt. Tree clearing has already shrunk the forest by around 15% from its 1970s extent of more than 6 million square kilometres; in Brazil, which contains more than half the forest, more than 19% has disappeared. Last year, deforestation in Brazil spiked by around 30% to almost 10,000 km2 , the largest loss in a decade. And in August 2019, videos of wildfires in the Amazon made international headlines. The number of fires that month was the highest for any August since an extreme drought in 2010. (www.nature.com, 25.02.2020. Adaptado.) According to the second paragraph, a change in vegetation can be noticed by

(UNESP - 2021- 1 fase - DIA 2) Leia o texto para responder s questes de21a24. When will the Amazon hit a tipping point? Scientists say climate change, deforestation and fires could cause the worlds largest rainforest to dry out. The big question is how soon that might happen. Seen from a monitoring tower above the treetops near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon, the rainforest canopy stretches to the horizon as an endless sea of green. It looks like a rich and healthy ecosystem, but appearances are deceiving. This rainforest which holds 16,000 separate tree species is slowly drying out. Over the past century, the average temperature in the forest has risen by 1-1.5 o C. In some parts, the dry season has expanded during the past 50 years, from four months to almost five. Severe droughts have hit three times since 2005. Thats all driving a shift in vegetation. In 2018, a study reported that trees that do best in moist conditions, such as tropical legumes from the genus Inga, are dying. Those adapted to drier climes, such as the Brazil nut tree (Bertholletia excelsa), are thriving. At the same time, large parts of the Amazon, the worlds largest rainforest, are being cut down and burnt. Tree clearing has already shrunk the forest by around 15% from its 1970s extent of more than 6 million square kilometres; in Brazil, which contains more than half the forest, more than 19% has disappeared. Last year, deforestation in Brazil spiked by around 30% to almost 10,000 km2 , the largest loss in a decade. And in August 2019, videos of wildfires in the Amazon made international headlines. The number of fires that month was the highest for any August since an extreme drought in 2010. (www.nature.com, 25.02.2020. Adaptado.) De acordo com o terceiro pargrafo, a floresta amaznica

(UNESP - 2021 - 1 FASE) Leia o texto para responder s questes de 21 a 23. Education for Sustainable Development Projects from Botswana, Brazil and Germany win UNESCO-Japan prize on Education for Sustainable Development. With a world population of 7 billion people and limited natural resources, we, as individuals and societies, need to learn to live together sustainably. We need to take action responsibly based on the understanding that what we do today can have implications on the lives of people and the planet in future. Education for Sustainable Development empowers people to change the way they think and work towards a sustainable future. UNESCO aims to improve access to quality education on sustainable development at all levels and in all social contexts, to transform society by reorienting education and help people develop knowledge, skills, values and behaviours needed for sustainable development. It is about including sustainable development issues, such as climate change and biodiversity into teaching and learning. Individuals are encouraged to be responsible actors who resolve challenges, respect cultural diversity and contribute to creating a more sustainable world. (https://en.unesco.org. Adaptado.) (https://sustainabilityillustrated.com) O cartum dialoga com o seguinte trecho do texto Education for Sustainable Development:

(UNESP - 2021 - 1 FASE) Analise o cartum. A fala do personagem

(UNESP - 2021- 1 fase - DIA 2) Leia o texto para responder s questes de21a24. When will the Amazon hit a tipping point? Scientists say climate change, deforestation and fires could cause the worlds largest rainforest to dry out. The big question is how soon that might happen. Seen from a monitoring tower above the treetops near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon, the rainforest canopy stretches to the horizon as an endless sea of green. It looks like a rich and healthy ecosystem, but appearances are deceiving. This rainforest which holds 16,000 separate tree species is slowly drying out. Over the past century, the average temperature in the forest has risen by 1-1.5 o C. In some parts, the dry season has expanded during the past 50 years, from four months to almost five. Severe droughts have hit three times since 2005. Thats all driving a shift in vegetation. In 2018, a study reported that trees that do best in moist conditions, such as tropical legumes from the genus Inga, are dying. Those adapted to drier climes, such as the Brazil nut tree (Bertholletia excelsa), are thriving. At the same time, large parts of the Amazon, the worlds largest rainforest, are being cut down and burnt. Tree clearing has already shrunk the forest by around 15% from its 1970s extent of more than 6 million square kilometres; in Brazil, which contains more than half the forest, more than 19% has disappeared. Last year, deforestation in Brazil spiked by around 30% to almost 10,000 km2 , the largest loss in a decade. And in August 2019, videos of wildfires in the Amazon made international headlines. The number of fires that month was the highest for any August since an extreme drought in 2010. (www.nature.com, 25.02.2020. Adaptado.) O cartum ilustra que o aumento de temperatura, tambm citado no texto,

(UNESP - 2021 - 1 FASE) Analise o grfico e leia o texto para responder s questes de 25 a 30. The cost of closed schools Countries response to school closures By remote-learning type and income group, % *TV and/or radio Three-quarters of the worlds children live in countries where classrooms are closed. As lockdowns ease, schools should be among the first places to reopen. Children seem to be less likely than adults to catch covid-19. And the costs of closure are staggering: in the lost productivity of home schooling parents; and, far more important, in the damage done to children by lost learning. The costs fall most heavily on the youngest, who among other things miss out on picking up social and emotional skills; and on the less welloff, who are less likely to attend online lessons and who may be missing meals as well as classes. West African children whose schools were closed during the Ebola epidemic in 2014 are still paying the price. (www.economist.com, 01.05.2020. Adaptado.) The chart shows that the average share of population connected to internet