Questões de Inglês - FUVEST | Gabarito e resoluções

(FUVEST - 2022 - 1 fase) Fatbergs are a growing scourge infesting cities around the world some are more than 800 feet long and weigh more than four humpback whales. These gross globs, which can cause sewer systems to block up and even overflow, have been plaguing the U.S., Great Britain and Australia for the past decade, forcing governments and utilities companies to send workers down into the sewers armed with water hoses, vacuums and scrapers with the unenviable task of prying them loose. It is hard not to think of [fatbergs] as a tangible symbol of the way we live now, the ultimate product of our disposable, out of sight, out of mind culture, wrote journalist Tim Adams in The Guardian. At their core, fatbergs are the accumulation of oil and grease thats been poured down the drain, congealing around flushed nonbiological waste like tampons, condoms and baby wipes. When fat sticks to the side of sewage pipes, the wipes and other detritus get stuck, accumulating layer upon layer of gunk in a sort of slimy snowball effect. Fatbergs also collect other kinds of debrisLondon fatbergs have been cracked open to reveal pens, false teeth and even watches. Restaurants are a big contributor to fatbergs: Thames Water, the London utilities company, found nine out of 10 fast-food eateries lacked adequate grease traps to stop fat from entering the sewers. Homeowners also contribute to the problem by pouring grease and fat down the sink. Even though its component materials are soft, fatbergs themselves can be tough as rocks. Researchers have found a host of dangerous bacteria in fatbergs, including listeria and e.coli. Fatbergs are notorious for their fetid smell, which can make even the hardiest sewer workers gag, and chipping away at one can release noxious gases. The key to fatberg prevention is remembering the four Ps: Pee, poo, puke and (toilet) paper are the only things that should be flushed. Newsweek, 14 March, 2019. Adaptado. Considerado o contexto, os quatro elementos associados preveno dos fatbergs tm em comum o fato de

(FUVEST - 2022 - 1 fase) If you take a look at my smartphone, youll know that I like to order out. But am I helping the small local businesses? You would think that if you own a restaurant youd be thrilled to have an outsourced service that would take care of your delivery operations while leveraging their marketing might to expand your businesses brand. However, restaurant owners have complained of lack of quality control once their food goes out the door. They dont like that the delivery people are the face of their product when it gets into the customers hand. Some of the delivery services have been accused of listing restaurants on their apps without the owners permission, and oftentimes publish menu items and prices that are incorrect or out of date. But there is another reason why restaurant owners arent fond of delivery services. Its the costs, which, for some, are becoming unsustainable. Even with the increased revenues from the delivery services, the fees wind up killing a restaurants margins to the extent that its at best marginally profitable. Therefore, some restaurants are pushing harder to drive orders from their own websites and offering special deals for customers that use their in-house delivery people. The simple fact is that these delivery apps are here to stay. They are enormously popular and have significantly grown. I believe that restaurant owners that resist these apps are hurting their brands by missing out on potential customers. The good news is that the delivery platforms are not as evil as some would portray them. They have some skin in the game. They are competing against other services. They want their listed restaurants to profit. Maybe instead of fighting, the nations restaurant industry needs to proactively embrace the delivery service industry and figure out ways to profitably work together. The Guardian. 02 December, 2020. Adaptado. De acordo com o texto, para os proprietrios de restaurante, a principal vantagem dos aplicativos de entrega de comida que eles

(FUVEST- 2022 - 1 fase) If you take a look at my smartphone, youll know that I like to order out. But am I helping the small local businesses? You would think that if you own a restaurant youd be thrilled to have an outsourced service that would take care of your delivery operations while leveraging their marketing might to expand your businesses brand. However, restaurant owners have complained of lack of quality control once their food goes out the door. They dont like that the delivery people are the face of their product when it gets into the customers hand. Some of the delivery services have been accused of listing restaurants on their apps without the owners permission, and oftentimes publish menu items and prices that are incorrect or out of date. But there is another reason why restaurant owners arent fond of delivery services. Its the costs, which, for some, are becoming unsustainable. Even with the increased revenues from the delivery services, the fees wind up killing a restaurants margins to the extent that its at best marginally profitable. Therefore, some restaurants are pushing harder to drive orders from their own websites and offering special deals for customers that use their in-house delivery people. The simple fact is that these delivery apps are here to stay. They are enormously popular and have significantly grown. I believe that restaurant owners that resist these apps are hurting their brands by missing out on potential customers. The good news is that the delivery platforms are not as evil as some would portray them. They have some skin in the game. They are competing against other services. They want their listed restaurants to profit. Maybe instead of fighting, the nations restaurant industry needs to proactively embrace the delivery service industry and figure out ways to profitably work together. The Guardian. 02 December, 2020. Adaptado. Segundo o texto, uma das solues encontradas pelos donos de restaurante para amenizar os problemas com os servios de entrega

(FUVEST - 2022 - 1 fase) If you take a look at my smartphone, youll know that I like to order out. But am I helping the small local businesses? You would think that if you own a restaurant youd be thrilled to have an outsourced service that would take care of your delivery operations while leveraging their marketing might to expand your businesses brand. However, restaurant owners have complained of lack of quality control once their food goes out the door. They dont like that the delivery people are the face of their product when it gets into the customers hand. Some of the delivery services have been accused of listing restaurants on their apps without the owners permission, and oftentimes publish menu items and prices that are incorrect or out of date. But there is another reason why restaurant owners arent fond of delivery services. Its the costs, which, for some, are becoming unsustainable. Even with the increased revenues from the delivery services, the fees wind up killing a restaurants margins to the extent that its at best marginally profitable. Therefore, some restaurants are pushing harder to drive orders from their own websites and offering special deals for customers that use their in-house delivery people. The simple fact is that these delivery apps are here to stay. They are enormously popular and have significantly grown. I believe that restaurant owners that resist these apps are hurting their brands by missing out on potential customers. The good news is that the delivery platforms are not as evil as some would portray them. They have some skin in the game. They are competing against other services. They want their listed restaurants to profit. Maybe instead of fighting, the nations restaurant industry needs to proactively embrace the delivery service industry and figure out ways to profitably work together. The Guardian. 02 December, 2020. Adaptado. Em I believe that restaurant owners that resist these apps are hurting their brands by missing out on potential customers (3 pargrafo), a expresso sublinhada pode ser substituda, sem prejuzo de sentido, por:

(FUVEST - 2022 - 1 fase) Lying, thinking Last night How to find my soul a home Where water is not thirsty And bread loaf is not stone I came up with one thing And I dont believe Im wrong That nobody, But nobody Can make it out here alone Alone - Maya Angelou Os versos do poema

(FUVEST- 2022 - 1 fase) Considerando os elementos visuais e verbais da figura, possvel interpretar a fala da mulher como

(FUVEST - 2021 - 1 FASE) As astronomers gaze into the depths of space, they do so with unease: They dont know precisely what the universe is made of. Surprisingly, no one knows the stars exact chemical composition: how many carbon, nitrogen and oxygen atoms they have relative to hydrogen, the most common element. These numbers are crucial, because they affect how stars live and die, what types of planets form and even how readily life might arise on other worlds. Twenty years ago, astronomers expressed confidence in the numbers they had been working with. Now, not so much. The problem lies not in the far corners of the cosmos, but much closer to home. Astonishingly, scientists dont know exactly what the sun is made of. As a result, they dont know what the other stars are made of, either. The sun is a fundamental yardstick, says Martin Asplund, an astrophysicist at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Garching, Germany. When we determine the abundance of a certain element in a star or a galaxy or a gas cloud anywhere in the universe, we use the sun as a reference point. The suns location in the Milky Way also makes it a good representative of the entire galaxy.most stars in the universe reside ingiant galaxies like the Milky Way, which makes the sun a touchstone for the entire cosmos. For nearly a century, astronomers have judged stars normal or not by seeing whether their chemical compositions match the suns. Most stars near us do; some dont. Scientific American.1 July 2020. Adaptado. Segundo o texto, conhecer a composio de elementos qumicos que constituem as estrelas fundamental, pois ela, entre outros aspectos,

(FUVEST - 2021 - 1 FASE) As astronomers gaze into the depths of space, they do so with unease: They dont know precisely what the universe is made of. Surprisingly, no one knows the stars exact chemical composition: how many carbon, nitrogen and oxygen atoms they have relative to hydrogen, the most common element. These numbers are crucial, because they affect how stars live and die, what types of planets form and even how readily life might arise on other worlds. Twenty years ago, astronomers expressed confidence in the numbers they had been working with. Now, not so much. The problem lies not in the far corners of the cosmos, but much closer to home. Astonishingly, scientists dont know exactly what the sun is made of. As a result, they dont know what the other stars are made of, either. The sun is a fundamental yardstick, says Martin Asplund, an astrophysicist at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Garching, Germany. When we determine the abundance of a certain element in a star or a galaxy or a gas cloud anywhere in the universe, we use the sun as a reference point. The suns location in the Milky Way also makes it a good representative of the entire galaxy.most stars in the universe reside ingiant galaxies like the Milky Way, which makes the sun a touchstone for the entire cosmos. For nearly a century, astronomers have judged stars normal or not by seeing whether their chemical compositions match the suns. Most stars near us do; some dont. Scientific American.1 July 2020. Adaptado. No texto, o astrofsico Martin Asplund emprega a frase The sun is a fundamental yardstick, por considerar o Sol

(FUVEST - 2021 - 1 FASE) As astronomers gaze into the depths of space, they do so with unease: They dont know precisely what the universe is made of. Surprisingly, no one knows the stars exact chemical composition: how many carbon, nitrogen and oxygen atoms they have relative to hydrogen, the most common element. These numbers are crucial, because they affect how stars live and die, what types of planets form and even how readily life might arise on other worlds. Twenty years ago, astronomers expressed confidence in the numbers they had been working with. Now, not so much. The problem lies not in the far corners of the cosmos, but much closer to home. Astonishingly, scientists dont know exactly what the sun is made of. As a result, they dont know what the other stars are made of, either. The sun is a fundamental yardstick, says Martin Asplund, an astrophysicist at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Garching, Germany. When we determine the abundance of a certain element in a star or a galaxy or a gas cloud anywhere in the universe, we use the sun as a reference point. The suns location in the Milky Way also makes it a good representative of the entire galaxy.most stars in the universe reside ingiant galaxies like the Milky Way, which makes the sun a touchstone for the entire cosmos. For nearly a century, astronomers have judged stars normal or not by seeing whether their chemical compositions match the suns. Most stars near us do; some dont. Scientific American.1 July 2020. Adaptado. Conforme o texto, um critrio tradicionalmente utilizado por astrnomos para avaliar estrelas envolve

(FUVEST - 2021 - 1 FASE) I knew TikTok existed, I didnt even fully understand what it was until a few months ago. I also realized that something radical, yet largely invisible, is happening on the internet with implications we still dont understand. When I was growing up, I took it for granted that the people who became famous enough to be listened to by a crowd had worked hard for that accolade and generally operated with the support of an institution or an established industry. The idea that I, as a teenager in my bedroom, might suddenly communicate with 100,000 people or more, would have seemed bizarre. Todays kids no longer see life in these hierarchical and institutional terms. Yes, their physical worlds are often constrained by parental controls, a lack of access to the outdoors and insane over-scheduling. But despite that (or, more accurately, in reaction to that), they see the internet as a constantly evolving frontier, where it is still possible for a bold and lucky pioneer to grab some land or find a voice.Please use the sharing tools found via the share button at the top or side of articles. Most voices on the internet never travel beyond a relatively small network, and much of the content that goes viral on platforms such as TikTok, YouTube or Instagram does so because of unseen institutions at work (for example, a public relations team aiming to boost a celebritys profile). Fame can suddenly appear and then just as suddenly be taken away again, because the audience gets bored, the platforms algorithms change or the cultural trend that a breakout video has tapped into goes out of fashion. For a teenager, social media can seem like a summer garden at dusk filled with fireflies: spots of lights suddenly flare up and then die down, moving in an unpredictable, capricious display. Is this a bad thing? We will not know for several years. Financial Times. 5 February 2020.Adaptado. Conforme o texto, um aspecto associado ao carter efmero da popularidade de um usurio da internet, relativo ao uso de plataformas como o TikTok,

(FUVEST - 2021 - 1 FASE) I knew TikTok existed, I didnt even fully understand what it was until a few months ago. I also realized that something radical, yet largely invisible, is happening on the internet with implications we still dont understand. When I was growing up, I took it for granted that the people who became famous enough to be listened to by a crowd had worked hard for that accolade and generally operated with the support of an institution or an established industry. The idea that I, as a teenager in my bedroom, might suddenly communicate with 100,000 people or more, would have seemed bizarre. Todays kids no longer see life in these hierarchical and institutional terms. Yes, their physical worlds are often constrained by parental controls, a lack of access to the outdoors and insane over-scheduling. But despite that (or, more accurately, in reaction to that), they see the internet as a constantly evolving frontier, where it is still possible for a bold and lucky pioneer to grab some land or find a voice.Please use the sharing tools found via the share button at the top or side of articles. Most voices on the internet never travel beyond a relatively small network, and much of the content that goes viral on platforms such as TikTok, YouTube or Instagram does so because of unseen institutions at work (for example, a public relations team aiming to boost a celebritys profile). Fame can suddenly appear and then just as suddenly be taken away again, because the audience gets bored, the platforms algorithms change or the cultural trend that a breakout video has tapped into goes out of fashion. For a teenager, social media can seem like a summer garden at dusk filled with fireflies: spots of lights suddenly flare up and then die down, moving in an unpredictable, capricious display. Is this a bad thing? We will not know for several years. Financial Times. 5 February 2020.Adaptado. No texto, a referncia a um jardim de vero ao entardecer, repleto de vagalumes, sugere que, para os adolescentes, as mdias sociais

(FUVEST - 2021 - 1 FASE) I aint gonna work on Maggies farm no more No, I aint gonna work on Maggies farm no more Well, I wake in the morning Fold my hands and pray for rain I got a head full of ideas That are drivin me insane Its a shame the way she makes me scrub the floor I aint gonna work on Maggies farm no more I aint gonna work for Maggies brother no more I aint gonna work for Maggies brother no more Well, he hands you a nickel He hands you a dime He asks you with a grin If youre havin a good time Then he fines you every time you slam the door I aint gonna work for Maggies brother no more I aint gonna work for Maggies pa no more No, I aint gonna work for Maggies pa no more Well, he puts his cigar out in your face just for kicks His bedroom window it is made out of bricks The National Guard stands around his door Ah, I aint gonna work for Maggies pa no more, alright Bon Dylan, Maggies Farm, do lbumBringing it all home, 1965. Nestes estrofes, o conjunto de cenas descritas mostra que a principal dificuldade experimentada pela pessoa cuja histria contada na letra da msica refere-se

(FUVEST - 2021 - 1 FASE) Leia os provrbios: 1.Dont count your chickens before they lay eggs. 2.Dont bite the hand that feeds you. 3.Every cloud has a silver lining. A alternativa que melhor expressa a ideia contida em cada um dos trs provrios, na ordem em que aparecem, :

(FUVEST - 2020) Bill Waterson, Calvin and Hobbes. Disponvel em https://www.gocomics.com/ As possveis solues, em polegadas (inches, em ingls), para o problema matemtico proposto no quadrinho, no caso em que os pontos A, Be Cesto em uma mesma reta, so

(FUVEST - 2020) TEXTO PARA AS QUESTES DE 25 A 27 Assigning female genders to digital assistants such as Apples Siri and Amazons Alexa is helping entrench harmful gender biases, according to a UN agency. Research released by Unesco claims that the often submissive and flirty responses offered by the systems to many queries including outright abusive ones reinforce ideas of women as subservient. Because the speech of most voice assistants is female, it sends a signal that women are obliging, docile and eager‐to‐ please helpers, available at the touch of a button or with a blunt voice command like hey or OK, the report said. The assistant holds no power of agency beyond what the commander asks of it. It honours commands and responds to queries regardless of their tone or hostility. In many communities, this reinforces commonly held gender biases that women are subservient and tolerant of poor treatment. The Unesco publication was entitled Id Blush if I Could; a reference to the response Apples Siri assistant offers to the phrase: Youre a slut. Amazons Alexa will respond: Well, thanks for the feedback. The paper said such firms were staffed by overwhelmingly male engineering teams and have built AI (Artificial Intelligence) systems that cause their feminised digital assistants to greet verbal abuse with catch‐me‐if‐you‐can flirtation. Saniye Glser Corat, Unescos director for gender equality, said: The world needs to pay much closer attention to how, when and whether AI technologies are gendered and, crucially, who is gendering them. The Guardian, May, 2019. Adaptado. Conforme o texto, em relao s mulheres, um efeito decorrente do fato de assistentes digitais reforarem esteretipos de gnero