Questões - UFRGS | Gabarito e resoluções

(UFRGS - 2014) Considere as seguintes ocorrncias de artigo no texto. O que havia de to revolucionrio na Revoluo Francesa? Soberania popular, liberdade civil, igualdade perante a lei 1as palavras hoje so ditas com tanta facilidade que somos incapazes de imaginar seu carter explosivo em 1789. Para os franceses do Antigo Regime, 6os homens eram 8desiguais, e a desigualdade era uma boa coisa, adequada ordem hierrquica que 2fora posta na natureza pela prpria obra de Deus. A liberdade significava privilgio isto , literalmente, 12lei privada, uma prerrogativa 13especial para fazer algo negado a outras pessoas. O rei, como fonte de toda a lei, distribua privilgios, 3pois havia sido 19ungido como 16o agente de Deus na terra. Durante todo 17o sculo XVIII, os filsofos do Iluminismo questionaram esses 9pressupostos, e os panfletistas profissionais conseguiram 14empanar 20a aura sagrada da coroa. Contudo, a desmontagem do quadro mental do Antigo Regime demandou violncia iconoclasta, destruidora do mundo, revolucionria. 7Seria timo se pudssemos associar 18a Revoluo exclusivamente Declarao dos Direitos do Homem e do Cidado, mas ela nasceu na violncia e imprimiu seus princpios em um mundo violento. Os conquistadores da Bastilha 24no se limitaram a destruir 21um smbolo do despotismo real. 4Entre eles, 150 foram mortos ou feridos no assalto priso e, quando os sobreviventes apanharam o diretor, cortaram sua cabea e desfilaram-na por 25Paris 22na ponta de uma lana. Como podemos captar esses momentos de loucura, quando tudo parecia possvel e o mundo se afigurava como uma tbula rasa, apagada por uma onda de comoo popular e pronta para ser redesenhada? Parece incrvel que um povo inteiro fosse capaz de se levantar e transformar as condies da vida cotidiana. Duzentos anos de experincias com admirveis mundos 26novos tornaram-nos 15cticos quanto ao 10planejamento social. 27Retrospectivamente, a Revoluo pode parecer um 23preldio ao 11totalitarismo. Pode ser. Mas um excesso de viso 28histrica retrospectiva pode distorcer o panorama de 1789. Os revolucionrios franceses no eram nossos contemporneos. E eram um conjunto de pessoas no excepcionais em circunstncias excepcionais. Quando as coisas se 29desintegraram, eles reagiram a uma necessidade imperiosa de dar-lhes sentido, ordenando a sociedade segundo novos princpios. Esses princpios ainda permanecem como uma denncia da tirania e da injustia. 5Afinal, em que estava empenhada a Revoluo Francesa? Liberdade, igualdade, fraternidade. Adaptado de: DARNTON, Robert. O beijo de Lamourette. In: ____. O beijo de Lamourette: mdia, cultura e revoluo. So Paulo: Cia. das Letras, 2010. p. 30-39. I. O artigo definido na referncia 16. II. O artigo definido singular na referncia 17. III. O artigo definido na referncia 18. Quais poderiam ser omitidos, preservando a correo de seus contextos?

(UFRGS -2014) I am happy to join (1)__________ you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation. In the process (2)__________ gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom (3)__________ drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred. We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. (4) The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the (15) Negro community must not lead us to distrust of (8) all white people, for (13) many of our white brothers, as evidenced by (5) their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and their freedom is (17) inextricably bound to our freedom. We cannot walk alone. I have a (9) dream that one day (11) this nation will rise up and 18live out the true (16) meaning of (6) its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. (19) This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with. When we allow (10) freedom to (12) ring, when we let (7) it ring from every state and every city, we will speed up that (14) day when all of Gods children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will join hands and sing the old Negro spiritual, Free at last! free at last! thank God Almighty, we are free at last! Adaptado de: LUTHER KING JR., Martin. I have a dream. Disponvel em: http://www.archives.gov/press/exhibits/dream-speech.pdf.Acesso em: 06 set. 2013. A melhor traduo paralive out(ref. 18), conforme empregado no texto,

(UFRGS -2014) I am happy to join (1)__________ you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation. In the process (2)__________ gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom (3)__________ drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred. We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. (4) The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the (15) Negro community must not lead us to distrust of (8) all white people, for (13) many of our white brothers, as evidenced by (5) their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and their freedom is (17) inextricably bound to our freedom. We cannot walk alone. I have a (9) dream that one day (11) this nation will rise up and 18live out the true (16) meaning of (6) its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. (19) This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with. When we allow (10) freedom to (12) ring, when we let (7) it ring from every state and every city, we will speed up that (14) day when all of Gods children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will join hands and sing the old Negro spiritual, Free at last! free at last! thank God Almighty, we are free at last! Adaptado de: LUTHER KING JR., Martin. I have a dream. Disponvel em: http://www.archives.gov/press/exhibits/dream-speech.pdf.Acesso em: 06 set. 2013. Considere o segmento a seguir: This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a reescrita mais adequada do segmento acima, em discurso indireto,

(UFGRS -2014) Fan is 1__________ abbreviated form of fanatic, which has 2__________ roots in 3__________ Latin word fanaticus, which simply meant belonging to the temple, a devotee. But these words quickly 5assumed negative connotations, to the point of becoming references to excessive religious belief and to any mistaken enthusiasm. Based on such connotations, news reports frequently characterize fans as psychopaths 4__________ frustrated fantasies of intimate relationships with stars or unsatisfied desires to achieve stardom take violent and antisocial forms. Whether viewed as a religious fanatic, a psychopathic killer, a neurotic fantasist, or a lust-crazed groupie, the fan remains a fanatic with interests alien to the realm of normal cultural experience and a mentality dangerously out of touch with reality. To understand the logic behind this discursive construction of fans, 6we must reconsider what we mean by taste. Concepts of good taste, appropriate conduct, or aesthetic merit are not natural or universal; 7rather, they are rooted in social experience and reflect particular class interests. Taste becomes one of the important means by which social distinctions are maintained and class identities are forged. Those who naturally possess appropriate tastes deserve a privileged position, while the tastes of others are seen as underdeveloped. Taste distinctions determine desirable and 8undesirable ways of relating to cultural objects, strategies of interpretation and styles of consumption. The stereotypical conception of the fan reflects anxieties about the violation of dominant cultural hierarchies. 9The fans transgression of bourgeois taste disrupt dominant cultural hierarchies, insuring that their preferences be seen as abnormal and threatening by those who have an interest in the maintenance of these standards (even by those who may share similar tastes but express them in different ways). Adapted from: JENKINS, Henry. Textual Poachers: Television Fans and Participatory Culture. Select the alternative which correctly fills in the gaps in references 1, 2 and 3, in the order they appear.

(UFRGS - 2014) Britain has met the heir who will certainly change the face of monarchy for ever. Kate and Williams son enters this world as a Royal Highness, destined to be king of his country. Though his mother is a Duchess, the title1__________ disguise the fact that there has never been a royal child quite like Kates. For while William descends from a line of monarchs, this baby boys maternal grandparents5once worked for British Airways and now run their own company. This new prince will become the first British monarch with working-class blood running through his veins. Monarchy these days is a precarious business, and increasingly hard to justify not only in terms of the funds taxpayers donate to the Crown, but in a wider world in which royal families seem ever more anachronistic. This baby has arrived at a time of profound social change and evolution 2__________ is why I believe a royal child with middle-class antecedents can provide the social alchemy that will secure the future of the House of Windsor. William and Kate, a modern couple, lived together quite openly for several years before their marriage, a6sensible decision7condoned by the Queen, which4__________ been seen as unthinkable less than a decade earlier. This was after prince Charles had moved in with his divorced former mistress, Camila Parker Bowles, a situation that would have been equally unacceptable a few years ago. All this evidences a rapidly evolving monarchy. Who would have suspected that the Queen would have been seen8pretending to parachute into the Olympic stadium with James Bond? And who3__________ predict how far this process of evolution will have travelled by the time the new prince reaches the throne? From the pit to the Palace in three generations? Surely it is the perfect fairytale for a nation that grows more middle-class9by the year. Adaptado de: THORTON, Michael. A very middle class baby who will secure the future of the royal family.Daily Mail. 22 jul 2013. Disponvel em: http://www. dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2374279/Kate-Middletongives-birth-middle-class-Royal-baby-boy-securemonarchys-future.html. Acesso em: 06 set. 2013. Assinale a alternativa que completa corretamente a lacuna na referncia 4

(UFRGS) Leia o texto abaixo. O perodo republicano pode ser considerado emblemtico quanto questo dos conflitos armados ocorridos no Rio Grande do Sul. Inaugura-se com uma guerra civil, considerada um dos mais mortferos conflitos desse tipo havidos no Brasil algumas estimativas referem que deixou algo em torno de 10 mil mortos , e se estende no sentido da superao de formas anteriores de resoluo de pendengas poltico-partidrias, mediante violncia fsica aberta por meios mais brandos, formalizados. GRIJ, L.A. Entre a barbrie e a civilizao: os conflitos armados no perodo republicano. In: NEUMANN, E.; GRIJ, L.A. (orgs.) O continente em armas: uma histria da guerra no sul do Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Apicuri, 2010. p. 159. Considere as seguintes afirmaes sobre o que pode ser includo nesse perodo. I. A revoluo Federalista de 1893, que ops os partidrios de Gaspar Silveira Martins do Partido Liberal, aos partidrios do Partido Republicano Rio-Grandense, liderados por Jlio de Castilhos. II. A chamada Revoluo Libertadora de 1923, que colocou em campos opostos, de um lado, federalistas (Raul Pilla) e democratas (Assis Brasil) e, de outro, o Partido Republicano Rio-Grandense. III. Os distrbios que se seguiram revoluo de 1930 e constitucionalista de 1932. Quais esto corretas?

(UFRGS - 2014) Considere a configurao dos nmeros dispostos nas colunas e linhas abaixo. Coluna 0 Coluna 1 Coluna 2 Coluna 3 Coluna 4 Coluna 5 Coluna 6 Coluna 7 ... Linha 0 1 Linha 1 1 1 Linha 2 1 2 1 Linha 3 1 3 3 1 Linha 4 1 4 6 4 1 Linha 5 1 5 10 10 5 1 Linha 6 1 6 15 20 15 6 1 Linha 7 1 7 21 35 35 21 7 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... O nmero localizado na linha 15 e na coluna 13

(Ufrgs 2014) Uma bomba é arremessada, seguindo uma trajetória parabólica, conforme representado na figura abaixo. Na posição mais alta da trajetória, a bomba explode. Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente as lacunas do enunciado abaixo, na ordem em que aparecem. A explosão da bomba é um evento que __________ a energia cinética do sistema. A trajetória do centro de massa do sistema constituído pelos fragmentos da bomba segue __________.

(Ufrgs 2014) Os mons csmicos so partculas de altas energias, criadas na alta atmosfera terrestre. A velocidade de alguns desses mons (v) prxima da velocidade da luz(c),talque e seu tempo de vida em um referencial em repouso aproximadamente .Pelas leis da mecnica clssica, com esse tempo de vida to curto, nenhummon poderia chegar ao solo, no entanto eles so detectados na Terra. Pelos postulados darelatividade restrita, o tempo de vida do mon em um referencial terrestre(t)e o tempo t0sorelacionados pelo fator relativstico: Para um observador terrestre a distncia que o mon pode percorrer antes de se desintegrar ,aproximadamente,

(UFRGS 2014) Observe o desenho abaixo, que representa uma clula em diviso. O desenho refere-se a uma clula:

A teoria da endossimbiose, relacionada evoluo eucaritica, baseia-se em vriasevidncias.Com relao a essa teoria, considere asafirmaes abaixo. I - As membranas duplas das mitocndrias edos cloroplastos corroboram a teoriaendossimbitica. II - Os procariontes que do origem sorganelas mantm o seu DNA intacto. III- Um procarionte fotossintetizador pequeno,englobado por um procarionte maior, podecontribuir com monossacardeos e receberproteo. Quais esto corretas?

(UFRGS -2014) Britain has met the heir who will certainly change the face of monarchy for ever. Kate and Williams son enters this world as a Royal Highness, destined to be king of his country. Though his mother is a Duchess, the title 1__________ disguise the fact that there has never been a royal child quite like Kates. For while William descends from a line of monarchs, this baby boys maternal grandparents 5once worked for British Airways and now run their own company. This new prince will become the first British monarch with working-class blood running through his veins. Monarchy these days is a precarious business, and increasingly hard to justify not only in terms of the funds taxpayers donate to the Crown, but in a wider world in which royal families seem ever more anachronistic. This baby has arrived at a time of profound social change and evolution 2__________ is why I believe a royal child with middle-class antecedents can provide the social alchemy that will secure the future of the House of Windsor. William and Kate, a modern couple, lived together quite openly for several years before their marriage, a 6sensible decision 7condoned by the Queen, which 4__________ been seen as unthinkable less than a decade earlier. This was after prince Charles had moved in with his divorced former mistress, Camila Parker Bowles, a situation that would have been equally unacceptable a few years ago. All this evidences a rapidly evolving monarchy. Who would have suspected that the Queen would have been seen 8pretending to parachute into the Olympic stadium with James Bond? And who 3__________ predict how far this process of evolution will have travelled by the time the new prince reaches the throne? From the pit to the Palace in three generations? Surely it is the perfect fairytale for a nation that grows more middle-class 9by the year. Adaptado de: THORTON, Michael. A very middle class baby who will secure the future of the royal family. Daily Mail. 22 jul 2013. Disponvel em: http://www. dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2374279/Kate-Middletongives-birth-middle-class-Royal-baby-boy-securemonarchys-future.html. Acesso em: 06 set. 2013. Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente as lacunas do segmento abaixo, na ordem em que aparecem. If the present Queen __________ for another ten years, Charles __________ to the throne at 75.

(UFRGS - 2014) Considere as afirmaes abaixo, sobre o regime do apartheid , vigente na frica do Sul entre 1948 e 1994. I - Foi estabelecido em 1948, pelo Partido Nacional, vinculado aos brancos descendentes de holandeses, e teve por caracterstica principal a rgida segregao racial entre brancos e negros. II - Teve como principal fora de oposio o Congresso Nacional Africano (CNA), liderado por Nelson Mandela, considerado culpado de traio pelo regime em 1963 e, por isso, preso at 1991. III - Ocupou e transformou Angola em um protetorado, durante a guerra civil naquele pas. Quais esto corretas?

(UFGRS -2014) Fan is1__________ abbreviated form of fanatic, which has2__________ roots in3__________ Latin word fanaticus, which simply meant belonging to the temple, a devotee. But these words quickly5assumed negative connotations, to the point of becoming references to excessive religious belief and to any mistaken enthusiasm. Based on such connotations, news reports frequently characterize fans as psychopaths4__________ frustrated fantasies of intimate relationships with stars or unsatisfied desires to achieve stardom take violent and antisocial forms. Whether viewed as a religious fanatic, a psychopathic killer, a neurotic fantasist, or a lust-crazed groupie, the fan remains a fanatic with interests alien to the realm of normal cultural experience and a mentality dangerously out of touch with reality. To understand the logic behind this discursive construction of fans,6we must reconsider what we mean by taste. Concepts of good taste, appropriate conduct, or aesthetic merit are not natural or universal;7rather, they are rooted in social experience and reflect particular class interests. Taste becomes one of the important means by which social distinctions are maintained and class identities are forged. Those who naturally possess appropriate tastes deserve a privileged position, while the tastes of others are seen as underdeveloped. Taste distinctions determine desirable and8undesirable ways of relating to cultural objects, strategies of interpretation and styles of consumption. The stereotypical conception of the fan reflects anxieties about the violation of dominant cultural hierarchies.9The fans transgression of bourgeois taste disrupt dominant cultural hierarchies, insuring that their preferences be seen as abnormal and threatening by those who have an interest in the maintenance of these standards (even by those who may share similar tastes but express them in different ways). Adapted from: JENKINS, Henry. Textual Poachers: Television Fans and Participatory Culture. Select the alternativa which could replaceassumed (ref. 5) without significant change in meaning.

(UFRGS 2014) As dores que acompanham a fadiga muscular tm como causa: