Questões - UNESP 2014 | Gabarito e resoluções

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 1a fase) No segundo quadrinho, this stuff refere-se a

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 2 FASE)Determine o perodo da funo dada pela lei de formao .

(UNESP - 2014 - 1 FASE) Leia o texto para responder questo How can consumers find out if a corporation is greenwashing environmentally unsavory practices? June 29, 2013 In essence, greenwashing involves falsely conveying to consumers that a given product, service, company or institution factors environmental responsibility into its offerings and/or operations. CorpWatch, a non-profit organization dedicated to keeping tabs on the social responsibility (or lack thereof) of U.S.-based companies, characterizes greenwashing as the phenomena of socially and environmentally destructive corporations, attempting to preserve and expand their markets or power by posing as friends of the environment. One of the groups leading the charge against greenwashing is Greenpeace. Corporations are falling all over themselves, reports the group, to demonstrate that they are environmentally conscious. The average citizen is finding it more and more difficult to tell the difference between those companies genuinely dedicated to making a difference and those that are using a green curtain to conceal dark motives. Greenpeace launched its Stop Greenwash campaign in 2009 to call out bad actors and help consumers make better choices. The most common greenwashing strategy, the group says, is when a company touts an environmental program or product while its core business is inherently polluting or unsustainable. Another involves what Greenpeace calls ad bluster: using targeted advertising or public relations to exaggerate a green achievement so as to divert attention from actual environmental problems or spending more money bragging about green behavior than on actual deeds. In some cases, companies may boast about corporate green commitments while lobbying behind the scenes against environmental laws. Greenpeace also urges vigilance about green claims that brag about something the law already requires: For example, if an industry or company has been forced to change a product, clean up its pollution or protect an endangered species, then uses Public Relations campaigns to make such action look proactive or voluntary. For consumers, the best way to avoid getting greenwashed is to be educated about who is truly green and who is just trying to look that way to make more money. Look beyond advertising claims, read ingredient lists or askemployees about the real information on their companys environmental commitment. Also, look for labels that show if a given offering has been inspected by a reliable third-party. For example, the U.S. Department of Agricultures Certified Organic label can only go on products that meet the federal governments organic standard. Just because a label says made with organic ingredients or all-natural does not mean the product qualifies as Certified Organic, so be sure to look beyond the hype. (www.scientificamerican.com. Adaptado.) O objetivo do texto

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 2 FASE)​​​​​​​Determine os zeros do polinmio p(x) = x3+ 8 e identifique a que conjunto numrico eles pertencem.

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 1a fase) O humor da tira decorre

(UNESP - 2014 - 1 FASE) Leia o texto para responder questo How can consumers find out if a corporation is greenwashing environmentally unsavory practices? June 29, 2013 In essence, greenwashing involves falsely conveying to consumers that a given product, service, company or institution factors environmental responsibility into its offerings and/or operations. CorpWatch, a non-profit organization dedicated to keeping tabs on the social responsibility (or lack thereof) of U.S.-based companies, characterizes greenwashing as the phenomena of socially and environmentally destructive corporations, attempting to preserve and expand their markets or power by posing as friends of the environment. One of the groups leading the charge against greenwashing is Greenpeace. Corporations are falling all over themselves, reports the group, to demonstrate that they are environmentally conscious. The average citizen is finding it more and more difficult to tell the difference between those companies genuinely dedicated to making a difference and those that are using a green curtain to conceal dark motives. Greenpeace launched its Stop Greenwash campaign in 2009 to call out bad actors and help consumers make better choices. The most common greenwashing strategy, the group says, is when a company touts an environmental program or product while its core business is inherently polluting or unsustainable. Another involves what Greenpeace calls ad bluster: using targeted advertising or public relations to exaggerate a green achievement so as to divert attention from actual environmental problems or spending more money bragging about green behavior than on actual deeds. In some cases, companies may boast about corporate green commitments while lobbying behind the scenes against environmental laws. Greenpeace also urges vigilance about green claims that brag about something the law already requires: For example, if an industry or company has been forced to change a product, clean up its pollution or protect an endangered species, then uses Public Relations campaigns to make such action look proactive or voluntary. For consumers, the best way to avoid getting greenwashed is to be educated about who is truly green and who is just trying to look that way to make more money. Look beyond advertising claims, read ingredient lists or askemployees about the real information on their companys environmental commitment. Also, look for labels that show if a given offering has been inspected by a reliable third-party. For example, the U.S. Department of Agricultures Certified Organic label can only go on products that meet the federal governments organic standard. Just because a label says made with organic ingredients or all-natural does not mean the product qualifies as Certified Organic, so be sure to look beyond the hype. (www.scientificamerican.com. Adaptado.) According to the text, Greenpeace

(UNESP - 2014 - 1 FASE) Leia o texto para responder questo How can consumers find out if a corporation is greenwashing environmentally unsavory practices? June 29, 2013 In essence, greenwashing involves falsely conveying to consumers that a given product, service, company or institution factors environmental responsibility into its offerings and/or operations. CorpWatch, a non-profit organization dedicated to keeping tabs on the social responsibility (or lack thereof) of U.S.-based companies, characterizes greenwashing as the phenomena of socially and environmentally destructive corporations, attempting to preserve and expand their markets or power by posing as friends of the environment. One of the groups leading the charge against greenwashing is Greenpeace. Corporations are falling all over themselves, reports the group, to demonstrate that they are environmentally conscious. The average citizen is finding it more and more difficult to tell the difference between those companies genuinely dedicated to making a difference and those that are using a green curtain to conceal dark motives. Greenpeace launched its Stop Greenwash campaign in 2009 to call out bad actors and help consumers make better choices. The most common greenwashing strategy, the group says, is when a company touts an environmental program or product while its core business is inherently polluting or unsustainable. Another involves what Greenpeace calls ad bluster: using targeted advertising or public relations to exaggerate a green achievement so as to divert attention from actual environmental problems or spending more money bragging about green behavior than on actual deeds. In some cases, companies may boast about corporate green commitments while lobbying behind the scenes against environmental laws. Greenpeace also urges vigilance about green claims that brag about something the law already requires: For example, if an industry or company has been forced to change a product, clean up its pollution or protect an endangered species, then uses Public Relations campaigns to make such action look proactive or voluntary. For consumers, the best way to avoid getting greenwashed is to be educated about who is truly green and who is just trying to look that way to make more money. Look beyond advertising claims, read ingredient lists or askemployees about the real information on their companys environmental commitment. Also, look for labels that show if a given offering has been inspected by a reliable third-party. For example, the U.S. Department of Agricultures Certified Organic label can only go on products that meet the federal governments organic standard. Just because a label says made with organic ingredients or all-natural does not mean the product qualifies as Certified Organic, so be sure to look beyond the hype. (www.scientificamerican.com. Adaptado.) Segundo o texto, uma das estratgias usadas pelas empresas para praticargreenwashing

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 2 FASE) A questo toma por base um trecho do artigoHorror a aprender(06.01.1957), escrito pelo historiador e crtico literrio Afrnio Coutinho (1911-2000), e uma tira blogueBlogoides. Horror a aprender Se quisssemos numa frmula definir a mentalidade mais ou menos generalizada dos que militam na vida literria brasileira, no lograramos descobrir outra que melhor se prestasse do que esta: horror a aprender. Nosso autodidatismo enraizado, nossa falta de hbito universitrio, fazem com que aprender, entre ns, seja motivo de inferioridade intelectual. Ningum gosta de aprender. Ningum se quer dar ao trabalho de aprender. Porque j se nasce sabendo. Todos somos mestres antes de ser discpulos. Aprender o qu? Pois j sabemos tudo de nascena! Ignoramos essa verdade de extrema sabedoria: s os bons discpulos do grandes mestres, e s bom mestre quem foi um dia bom discpulo e continua com o esprito aberto a um perptuo aprendizado. Quem sabe aprender sabe ensinar, e s quem gosta de aprender tem o direito de dar lies. Como pode divulgar e orientar conhecimentos quem mantm o esprito impermevel a qualquer aprendizagem? Nossos jovens intelectuais, em sua maioria, primam pelo pedantismo, autossuficincia e falta de humildade de esprito. So mestres antes de ter sido discpulos. Saber no os preocupa, estudar, ningum lhes viu os estudos. s meter-lhes na mo uma pena e cair-lhes ao alcance uma coluna de jornal, e l vem doutrinao leviana e prosa de meia-tigela. No lhes importa verificar se esto arrombando portas abertas ou chovendo no molhado. (No hospital das letras, 1963.) No primeiro pargrafo, Afrnio Coutinho acusa uma inverso de valores no meio intelectual brasileiro. Explique em que consiste essa inverso e qual a sua consequncia, segundo o autor sugere, em termos de ensino.

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 1a fase) Ask a mayor of a developing country city about his or her most pressing problems, and solid waste management generally will be high on the list. For many cities, solid waste management is their single largest budget item and largest employer. It is also a critical matter of public health, environmental quality, quality of life, and economic development. A city that cannot effectively manage its waste is rarely able to manage more complex services such as health, education or transportation. And no one wants to live in a city surrounded by garbage. As the world urbanizes, the situation is becoming more acute. More people mean more garbage, especially in fastgrowing cities where the bulk of waste is generated. We estimate that cities currently generate roughly 1.3 billion tonnes of solid waste per year; with current urbanization trends, this figure will grow to 2.2 billion tonnes per year by 2025 an increase of 70 percent. Managing waste will also become more expensive. Expenditures that today total $205 billion will grow to $375 billion. The cost impacts will be most severe in low income countries already struggling to meet basic social and infrastructure needs, particularly for their poorest residents. Because it is such a major issue, waste management also represents a great opportunity for cities. Managed well, solid waste management practices can reduce greenhouse gas emission levels in a city, including short-lived climate pollutants that are far more potent than carbon dioxide. A citys ability to keep solid waste out of drainage ditches can also influence whether a neighborhood floods after a heavy storm. (www.worldbank.org. Adaptado.) Segundo o texto, a gesto de resduos slidos

(UNESP - 2014 - 2 FASE)As questes abaixofocalizam uma passagem de um livro do astrnomo, escritor e divulgador cientfico Carl Sagan (1934-1996) e uma tira de Ado Iturrusgarai publicada no jornal Folha de S.Paulo. No existem perguntas imbecis exceo das crianas (que no sabem o suficiente para deixar de fazer as perguntas importantes), poucos de ns passam muito tempo pensando por que a Natureza como ; de onde veio o Cosmos, ou se ele sempre existiu; se o tempo vai um dia voltar atrs, e os efeitos vo preceder as causas; ou se h limites elementares para o que os humanos podem conhecer. H at crianas, e eu conheci algumas delas, que desejam saber como um buraco negro; qual o menor pedao de matria; por que nos lembramos do passado, mas no do futuro; e por que h um Universo. De vez em quando, tenho a sorte de lecionar num jardim de infncia ou numa classe do primeiro ano primrio. Muitas dessas crianas so cientistas natos embora tenham mais desenvolvido o lado da admirao que o do ceticismo. So curiosas, intelectualmente vigorosas. Perguntas provocadoras e perspicazes saem delas aos borbotes. Demonstram enorme entusiasmo. Sempre recebo uma srie de perguntas encadeadas. Elas nunca ouviram falar da noo de perguntas imbecis. Mas, quando falo a estudantes do ltimo ano do secundrio, encontro algo diferente. Eles memorizam os fatos. Porm, de modo geral, a alegria da descoberta, a vida por trs desses fatos, se extinguiu em suas mentes. Perderam grande parte da admirao e ganharam muito pouco ceticismo. Ficam preocupados com a possibilidade de fazer perguntas imbecis; esto dispostos a aceitar respostas inadequadas; no fazem perguntas encadeadas; a sala fica inundada de olhares de esguelha para verificar, a cada segundo, se eles tm a aprovao de seus pares. Vm para a aula com as perguntas escritas em pedaos de papel que sub-repticiamente examinam, esperando a sua vez, e sem prestar ateno discusso em que seus colegas esto envolvidos naquele momento. Algo aconteceu entre o primeiro ano primrio e o ltimo ano secundrio, e no foi apenas a puberdade. Eu diria que , em parte, a presso dos pares para no se sobressair (exceto nos esportes); em parte, o fato de a sociedade ensinar gratificaes a curto prazo; em parte, a impresso de que a cincia e a matemtica no vo dar a ningum um carro esporte; em parte, que to pouco seja esperado dos estudantes; e, em parte, que haja poucas recompensas ou modelos de papis para uma discusso inteligente sobre cincia e tecnologia ou at para o aprendizado em si mesmo. Os poucos que continuam interessados so difamados como nerds, geeks ou grinds.* * Grias norte-americanas para designar pessoas chatas, desinteressantes, esquisitas e, nesse caso, estudantes muito aplicados. (Carl Sagan. O mundo assombrado pelos demnios, 1997.) No excerto apresentado, Carl Sagan, tomando por base sua poca eseu pas e referindo-se a crianas dos primeiros anos escolares e a estudantes do ltimo ano do ensino mdio, detecta uma diferena significativa quanto vontade e satisfao de fazer perguntas ao professor. Indique essa diferena.

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 2 FASE) A questo toma por base um trecho do artigoHorror a aprender(06.01.1957), escrito pelo historiador e crtico literrio Afrnio Coutinho (1911-2000), e uma tira blogueBlogoides. Horror a aprender Se quisssemos numa frmula definir a mentalidade mais ou menos generalizada dos que militam na vida literria brasileira, no lograramos descobrir outra que melhor se prestasse do que esta: horror a aprender. Nosso autodidatismo enraizado, nossa falta de hbito universitrio, fazem com que aprender, entre ns, seja motivo de inferioridade intelectual. Ningum gosta de aprender. Ningum se quer dar ao trabalho de aprender. Porque j se nasce sabendo. Todos somos mestres antes de ser discpulos. Aprender o qu? Pois j sabemos tudo de nascena! Ignoramos essa verdade de extrema sabedoria: s os bons discpulos do grandes mestres, e s bom mestre quem foi um dia bom discpulo e continua com o esprito aberto a um perptuo aprendizado. Quem sabe aprender sabe ensinar, e s quem gosta de aprender tem o direito de dar lies. Como pode divulgar e orientar conhecimentos quem mantm o esprito impermevel a qualquer aprendizagem? Nossos jovens intelectuais, em sua maioria, primam pelo pedantismo, autossuficincia e falta de humildade de esprito. So mestres antes de ter sido discpulos. Saber no os preocupa, estudar, ningum lhes viu os estudos. s meter-lhes na mo uma pena e cair-lhes ao alcance uma coluna de jornal, e l vem doutrinao leviana e prosa de meia-tigela. No lhes importa verificar se esto arrombando portas abertas ou chovendo no molhado. (No hospital das letras, 1963.) No segundo pargrafo, para reforar sua argumentao, Coutinho se vale de duas expresses idiomticas que apresentam praticamente o mesmo sentido. Identifique estas duas expresses idiomticas e, com base no sentido comum a ambas, esclarea o argumento do autor.

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 1a fase) Ask a mayor of a developing country city about his or her most pressing problems, and solid waste management generally will be high on the list. For many cities, solid waste management is their single largest budget item and largest employer. It is also a critical matter of public health, environmental quality, quality of life, and economic development. A city that cannot effectively manage its waste is rarely able to manage more complex services such as health, education or transportation. And no one wants to live in a city surrounded by garbage. As the world urbanizes, the situation is becoming more acute. More people mean more garbage, especially in fastgrowing cities where the bulk of waste is generated. We estimate that cities currently generate roughly 1.3 billion tonnes of solid waste per year; with current urbanization trends, this figure will grow to 2.2 billion tonnes per year by 2025 an increase of 70 percent. Managing waste will also become more expensive. Expenditures that today total $205 billion will grow to $375 billion. The cost impacts will be most severe in low income countries already struggling to meet basic social and infrastructure needs, particularly for their poorest residents. Because it is such a major issue, waste management also represents a great opportunity for cities. Managed well, solid waste management practices can reduce greenhouse gas emission levels in a city, including short-lived climate pollutants that are far more potent than carbon dioxide. A citys ability to keep solid waste out of drainage ditches can also influence whether a neighborhood floods after a heavy storm. (www.worldbank.org. Adaptado.) De acordo com o texto, o aumento na produo de resduos slidos ocorre, principalmente, devido

(UNESP - 2014 - 1 FASE) Leia o texto para responder questo How can consumers find out if a corporation is greenwashing environmentally unsavory practices? June 29, 2013 In essence, greenwashing involves falsely conveying to consumers that a given product, service, company or institution factors environmental responsibility into its offerings and/or operations. CorpWatch, a non-profit organization dedicated to keeping tabs on the social responsibility (or lack thereof) of U.S.-based companies, characterizes greenwashing as the phenomena of socially and environmentally destructive corporations, attempting to preserve and expand their markets or power by posing as friends of the environment. One of the groups leading the charge against greenwashing is Greenpeace. Corporations are falling all over themselves, reports the group, to demonstrate that they are environmentally conscious. The average citizen is finding it more and more difficult to tell the difference between those companies genuinely dedicated to making a difference and those that are using a green curtain to conceal dark motives. Greenpeace launched its Stop Greenwash campaign in 2009 to call out bad actors and help consumers make better choices. The most common greenwashing strategy, the group says, is when a company touts an environmental program or product while its core business is inherently polluting or unsustainable. Another involves what Greenpeace calls ad bluster: using targeted advertising or public relations to exaggerate a green achievement so as to divert attention from actual environmental problems or spending more money bragging about green behavior than on actual deeds. In some cases, companies may boast about corporate green commitments while lobbying behind the scenes against environmental laws. Greenpeace also urges vigilance about green claims that brag about something the law already requires: For example, if an industry or company has been forced to change a product, clean up its pollution or protect an endangered species, then uses Public Relations campaigns to make such action look proactive or voluntary. For consumers, the best way to avoid getting greenwashed is to be educated about who is truly green and who is just trying to look that way to make more money. Look beyond advertising claims, read ingredient lists or askemployees about the real information on their companys environmental commitment. Also, look for labels that show if a given offering has been inspected by a reliable third-party. For example, the U.S. Department of Agricultures Certified Organic label can only go on products that meet the federal governments organic standard. Just because a label says made with organic ingredients or all-natural does not mean the product qualifies as Certified Organic, so be sure to look beyond the hype. (www.scientificamerican.com. Adaptado.) No trecho do quarto pargrafo -Another involves what Greenpeace calls ad bluster -, a palavraanother refere-se a

(UNESP - 2014 - 2 FASE) As questes abaixofocalizam uma passagem de um livro do astrnomo, escritor e divulgador cientfico Carl Sagan (1934-1996) e uma tira de Ado Iturrusgarai publicada no jornal Folha de S.Paulo. No existem perguntas imbecis exceo das crianas (que no sabem o suficiente para deixar de fazer as perguntas importantes), poucos de ns passam muito tempo pensando por que a Natureza como ; de onde veio o Cosmos, ou se ele sempre existiu; se o tempo vai um dia voltar atrs, e os efeitos vo preceder as causas; ou se h limites elementares para o que os humanos podem conhecer. H at crianas, e eu conheci algumas delas, que desejam saber como um buraco negro; qual o menor pedao de matria; por que nos lembramos do passado, mas no do futuro; e por que h um Universo. De vez em quando, tenho a sorte de lecionar num jardim de infncia ou numa classe do primeiro ano primrio. Muitas dessas crianas so cientistas natos embora tenham mais desenvolvido o lado da admirao que o do ceticismo. So curiosas, intelectualmente vigorosas. Perguntas provocadoras e perspicazes saem delas aos borbotes. Demonstram enorme entusiasmo. Sempre recebo uma srie de perguntas encadeadas. Elas nunca ouviram falar da noo de perguntas imbecis. Mas, quando falo a estudantes do ltimo ano do secundrio, encontro algo diferente. Eles memorizam os fatos. Porm, de modo geral, a alegria da descoberta, a vida por trs desses fatos, se extinguiu em suas mentes. Perderam grande parte da admirao e ganharam muito pouco ceticismo. Ficam preocupados com a possibilidade de fazer perguntas imbecis; esto dispostos a aceitar respostas inadequadas; no fazem perguntas encadeadas; a sala fica inundada de olhares de esguelha para verificar, a cada segundo, se eles tm a aprovao de seus pares. Vm para a aula com as perguntas escritas em pedaos de papel que sub-repticiamente examinam, esperando a sua vez, e sem prestar ateno discusso em que seus colegas esto envolvidos naquele momento. Algo aconteceu entre o primeiro ano primrio e o ltimo ano secundrio, e no foi apenas a puberdade. Eu diria que , em parte, a presso dos pares para no se sobressair (exceto nos esportes); em parte, o fato de a sociedade ensinar gratificaes a curto prazo; em parte, a impresso de que a cincia e a matemtica no vo dar a ningum um carro esporte; em parte, que to pouco seja esperado dos estudantes; e, em parte, que haja poucas recompensas ou modelos de papis para uma discusso inteligente sobre cincia e tecnologia ou at para o aprendizado em si mesmo. Os poucos que continuam interessados so difamados como nerds, geeks ou grinds.* * Grias norte-americanas para designar pessoas chatas, desinteressantes, esquisitas e, nesse caso, estudantes muito aplicados. (Carl Sagan. O mundo assombrado pelos demnios, 1997.) Ao colocar como ttulo No existem perguntas imbecis, o que quisdizer Carl Sagan em relao ao tema que explora no trecho apresentado?

(UNESP - 2014/2 - 2 FASE) A questo toma por base um trecho do artigoHorror a aprender(06.01.1957), escrito pelo historiador e crtico literrio Afrnio Coutinho (1911-2000), e uma tira blogueBlogoides. Horror a aprender Se quisssemos numa frmula definir a mentalidade mais ou menos generalizada dos que militam na vida literria brasileira, no lograramos descobrir outra que melhor se prestasse do que esta: horror a aprender. Nosso autodidatismo enraizado, nossa falta de hbito universitrio, fazem com que aprender, entre ns, seja motivo de inferioridade intelectual. Ningum gosta de aprender. Ningum se quer dar ao trabalho de aprender. Porque j se nasce sabendo. Todos somos mestres antes de ser discpulos. Aprender o qu? Pois j sabemos tudo de nascena! Ignoramos essa verdade de extrema sabedoria: s os bons discpulos do grandes mestres, e s bom mestre quem foi um dia bom discpulo e continua com o esprito aberto a um perptuo aprendizado. Quem sabe aprender sabe ensinar, e s quem gosta de aprender tem o direito de dar lies. Como pode divulgar e orientar conhecimentos quem mantm o esprito impermevel a qualquer aprendizagem? Nossos jovens intelectuais, em sua maioria, primam pelo pedantismo, autossuficincia e falta de humildade de esprito. So mestres antes de ter sido discpulos. Saber no os preocupa, estudar, ningum lhes viu os estudos. s meter-lhes na mo uma pena e cair-lhes ao alcance uma coluna de jornal, e l vem doutrinao leviana e prosa de meia-tigela. No lhes importa verificar se esto arrombando portas abertas ou chovendo no molhado. (No hospital das letras, 1963.) Indique a contradio da personagem mais nova da tira em pretender criar um blogue intelectual sobre Saramago.